Knapsack Amashanyarazi Yumuvuduko Igenamiterere: Ingano yigitonyanga, Igipfukisho, na Drift

Gukoresha imiti neza bisaba kugenzura neza imbaraga zamazi. Gutandukana kworoheje mubikoresho bigena niba ibikoresho bikora bigera ku ntego cyangwa bigahinduka ibidukikije. Abakoresha bakunze guhangana na drift, intego mbi yo kwinjira, hamwe nibikoresho byangiza imiti. Umuvuduko udahuye, ibishushanyo bya nozzle bitari byo, hamwe no kutumva neza kugumana ibitonyanga bitera ibi bibazo.

Kumenya imikoranire hagati yigitutu cyumuvuduko, guhitamo nozzle, nubunini bwigitonyanga bihindura bisanzwe knapsack sprayer mubikoresho byuzuye. Aka gatabo kagabanya isuzuma rya tekiniki yimiterere ya sprayer. Uzamenya uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza byinshi, kwemeza kugabana guhagaritse, no kugabanya byimazeyo ubushobozi bwo gutwara.

• Umuvuduko Dictates Ingano yigitonyanga: Kongera umuvuduko wibikorwa bigabanya diameter yigitonyanga, ibyo bigatuma ubwinshi bwikwirakwizwa ariko byongera cyane ibyago byo gutwarwa nintego.

• Guhoraho kw'amashanyarazi ni ngombwa: Imashini itera amashanyarazi ikuraho ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko ukomoka ku kuvoma intoki, bigatuma ibisekuruza bitonyanga hamwe n'ibipimo byateganijwe.

• Guhitamo Nozzle Kurenga Umuvuduko: Kwishingikiriza gusa kumihindagurikire yumuvuduko ntibikora; guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa nozzle (urugero, ikirere-induction hamwe nabafana basanzwe) nuburyo bwibanze bwo gukuramo ingano yigitonyanga kiva kumuvuduko.

• Inzitizi z’ibidukikije Kugena Igenamiterere: Igenamiterere ryiza ni imbaraga; ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubuhehere buke, n umuvuduko wumuyaga hejuru ya 10hh bisaba guhita uhindukirira ibintu bitonyanga bikabije kugirango bikomeze kandi bikore neza.

Ubukanishi bwubunini bwibitonyanga muri Knapsack Sprayer

Abakora bagomba kubyara ubunini bwigitonyanga kugirango bagere kubikorwa byubuzima bwiza. Gufata ibyatsi bisaba imbaraga zamazi zitandukanye kuruta guhura na fungiside. Ingano itari yo itegeka umubare wibicuruzwa amaherezo bigera ku ntego kandi bikaguma aho. Ibitonyanga binini cyane biganisha kumazi, bigasuka imiti ihenze kubutaka. Ibitonyanga bito cyane bigenda byuka mbere yingaruka cyangwa guhuha mumirima ituranye. Porogaramu isobanutse isaba kugenzura byimazeyo ibyo bihinduka.

Isano Itandukanye Hagati Yumuvuduko na Diameter

Amazi ya fluide ateganya isano ihindagurika hagati yigitutu nubunini bwigitonyanga. Amazi ahatirwa binyuze muri orifice kumuvuduko mwinshi wogosha mubitonyanga byiza. Iki gikorwa cyubukanishi kimenagura urupapuro rwamazi vuba nkuko rusohoka mumutwe. Kongera umuvuduko bigabanya Volume Median Diameter (VMD) ya spray isohoka.

VMD ni igipimo gisanzwe kubakoresha mu murima. Yerekana ingano yigitonyanga aho kimwe cya kabiri cya spray igizwe nigitonyanga kinini naho igice kigizwe nigitonyanga gito. Kugabanya kabiri igitonyanga cya diameter kigwiza umubare wibitonyanga umunani. Uku kwiyongera kugaragara guhindura cyane imikoranire yubuso. Ibitonyanga byinshi bisobanura gukwirakwira hejuru yikibabi. Ariko, byongeye kandi byongera ubushobozi bwo gutwara. Ugomba kuringaniza ubucuruzi bwitondewe ukurikije ibikorwa byimiti isabwa.

Gutondekanya Ibitonyanga no Kugumana

Inganda zubuhinzi zishyira ibitonyanga mubyiciro byihariye bishingiye kuri ASABE S572.1. Harimo Ibyiza, Hagati, Byoroheje, na Byinshi. Buri cyiciro gikora intego yihariye yo gusaba. Ugomba gushushanya ibyo byiciro mubisabwa byimiti mbere yo kuvanga tank.

• Nibyiza / Hagati: Nibyiza byo guhura na fungicide hamwe nudukoko. Iyi miti isaba gukwirakwira cyane hejuru yamababi yose kuko irinda gusa ibimera nyabyo bikora.

• Coarse / Cyane Cyane: Birakenewe kuri sisitemu yica ibyatsi nka glyphosate. Ibi bigabanya drift kandi bigatanga ibikoresho byibanze igihingwa gikurura kandi kigahindura imizi.

Kugumya gutonyanga imbaraga bigena intsinzi. Ibitonyanga binini cyane bifite imbaraga za kinetic. Bakubita hejuru yamababi n'imbaraga zikomeye. Izi mbaraga zibatera kumeneka no guhagarara. Imiti igwa ku butaka aho gukomera ku gihingwa. Ibinyuranye, ibitonyanga byiza bibura misa kugirango byinjire mu biti byuzuye. Bakunze kugenda kure yumuyaga muto. Guhitamo ibice byerekana neza imiti iguma neza aho ukeneye.

Ni ukubera iki Knapsack Amashanyarazi Yumuvuduko Urenze Moderi Yintoki

Gusuzuma uburyo bwogutanga igitutu byerekana itandukaniro rikomeye mubikorwa bihoraho. Ingero zintoki zishingiye gusa kubikorwa byabantu, mubisanzwe bihindagurika. Moderi yamashanyarazi ikoresha imbaraga zagenwe kugirango ibungabunge neza. Iri tandukanyirizo rigira ingaruka zitaziguye hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa chimique mumurima.

Kurandura Umuvuduko Wumuvuduko nigitonyanga

Intoki za knapsack spray zirwara inenge yibanze. Umukoresha wa pompe cadence itera umuvuduko ukabije. Buri pompe itera umuvuduko imbere muri silinderi. Kuruhuka hagati yimitsi irabireka. Uku gutanga kutaringaniye kuvamo ibisubizo bidasanzwe cyane mugihe ugenda kumurongo.

Mugihe cyumuvuduko ukabije, sprayer itanga amande menshi. Mugihe cyo kugabanuka k'umuvuduko, itanga ibintu biremereye, bitemba bikabije. Uku kudahuza kwangiza imiti kandi byangiza ibihingwa bitagenewe. A. knapsack yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi ikemura iki kibazo rwose. Ikoresha pompe ya micro-diaphragm ihujwe na rheostat cyangwa igenzura ryumuvuduko. Sisitemu ikomeza umurongo uteganijwe neza. VMD iguma ihoraho kuva imbarutso yambere ikurura kugeza iheruka, utitaye kumunaniro wabakoresha.

Amashanyarazi akoreshwa na Bateri yo kugenzura no gupima

Moderi yamashanyarazi itanga ubunini bwimikorere. Abakoresha barashobora gufunga igenamiterere rya PSI bakoresheje imvugo cyangwa interineti. Ibi bifasha guhitamo neza. Ibisohoka bikomeza kuba ukuri utitaye kuri hegitari zingana kumunsi. Ukoresha igipimo nyacyo cyateganijwe mumurima wose utabanje gukeka umuvuduko wawe wo kugenda cyangwa kuvoma injyana.

Kuzamura sisitemu y'amashanyarazi birimo guhinduranya imikorere. Ugomba gucunga gahunda yo kwishyuza bateri kandi ugakomeza ibikoresho bya lithium-ion. Nyamara, inyungu ziruta kure izi mpinduka zoroheje. Ugera ku kuzigama kwimiti ukoresheje uburyo bwiza bwo gutanga ibitonyanga. Uragabanya kandi cyane uburyozwe buturutse kuri drift. Amabwiriza ahoraho ni ikintu kidasubirwaho kugirango usabe umwuga.

Kuringaniza Igipfukisho no Kwinjira

Kugena sprayer neza byemeza ko imiti igera kubigenewe. Ugomba kwirinda imyanda ikabije mugihe ugabanije gukora neza. Ibi bisaba gusuzuma intego yibiranga no guhindura tekinike yo gukoresha.

Intego Ubuso Ibiranga Imyitwarire ya Droplet

Amababi ya morphologiya ategeka ingano isabwa kugirango igumane neza. Ubuso bwibimera buratandukanye cyane mumurima. Amababi amwe ni ibishashara kandi yirukana amazi, bigatuma ibitonyanga binini bishira hejuru. Abandi ni umusatsi kandi umutego uri hejuru yicyorezo cya epidermis. Benshi bakura mu buryo buhagaritse, bigatuma bigorana gukubita hamwe na sprale isanzwe.

Ibitonyanga byiza bitanga ubwirinzi hejuru yubuso, umusatsi. Batuza bitonze kandi bakurikiza neza. Ariko, ntibabura misa. Bafite imbaraga nke cyane. Kubwibyo, ntibashobora kwinjira mubiti byimbuto nka soya ikuze cyangwa gusya cyane. Bakunda kubitsa rwose kumababi yo hejuru. Ibitonyanga bya coarser bifite imbaraga zo gusunika mumababi yo hanze. Bagera kumurongo wo hasi kandi bigakomera neza, bikenewe mubyonnyi n'indwara zimwe na zimwe.

Kugera kuri Vertical Coverage Uniformity

Ubwuzuzanye buhagaritse buracyari ikibazo gikomeye mugukoresha intoki. Abakora mubisanzwe batera hasi hepfo, babura munsi yamababi. Udukoko nk'udusimba tw'igitagangurirwa n'ibisazi byera, kimwe na virusi nyinshi ziterwa na fungal, bikura muri utwo turere twihishe. Niba wambaye gusa hejuru yikibabi, gusaba birananirana.

Guhuza spray yamashanyarazi hamwe nubuhanga bwihariye bwa wand bikemura ibi. Komeza icyerekezo gihoraho. Hindura inguni yawe yibitero. Erekana uruti hejuru gato mugihe unyuze mubihingwa birebire. Koresha impanga-jet nozzles kuri kanopi igoye. Iyi nozzles itera abafana babiri bingana icyarimwe. Imwe imwe ya dogere 30 imbere, izindi dogere 30 inyuma. Ibi byemeza ko munsi yamababi hamwe nigiti gihagaritse cyakira imiti imwe mugihe unyuze hejuru yikimera.

Kunoza ubwikorezi bwumubare nubunini bwibitonyanga

Abakora bagomba guhindura ingano yabatwara hamwe nubunini bwigitonyanga. Ingano yabatwara isanzwe ipimwa muri litiro kuri hegitari (GPA) cyangwa litiro kuri metero kare 1000. Ugomba gukomeza ibitonyanga bihagije kuri santimetero kare kugirango imiti ikore. Niba uhinduye kuri nozzle ntoya kugirango ugabanye drift, utanga ibitonyanga bike. Kugirango ukomeze ubwishingizi, ugomba kongera ubwinshi bwamazi.

Imyumvire ikunze kwibasira inganda. Abakozi benshi bemeza ko umuvuduko mwinshi aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kongera ubwinjira. Ibi ni ibinyoma. Umuvuduko mwinshi urema gusa ibitonyanga byiza bigenda cyangwa bigahumuka mbere yo kugera kumurongo wo hasi. Ahubwo, kunganira ubwinshi bwabatwara. Koresha noarsle ya coarser hanyuma ushyireho amazi menshi kuri hegitari. Huza ibi hamwe nu mpande zikwiye. Uru rufatiro rwemeza ko rwinjira cyane rutarinze kwiyongera.

Kugabanya ibiyobya bwenge: Ibikoresho no kugenzura ibidukikije

Drift nisoko yambere yo gucibwa amande. Itera amakimbirane yabaturanyi kandi isesagura ibicuruzwa bihenze. Kugenzura drift nigipimo cyo kuganira ntagishobora kugerwaho kubikorwa byose byo gutera. Ugomba gushyira mubikorwa ibikoresho bikomeye no kugenzura ibidukikije mbere yo gufungura valve.

Gutandukanya Particle Drift na Vapor Drift

Abakoresha bagomba kumva itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yubwoko bwa drift. Particle drift nigikorwa cyumubiri cya spray ibitonyanga-intego mugihe cyo gusaba. Umuyaga ufata ibitonyanga bito hanyuma ubihuha kure yabigenewe. Ugenzura neza ibice bitembera ukoresheje sprayer, guhitamo nozzle, hamwe n'uburebure bwa boom.

Imyuka itwara imyuka iratandukanye rwose. Nuguhindagurika kwimiti muri gaze nyuma yo kuyisaba. Amazi ahinduka umwuka kandi yimuka hanze, rimwe na rimwe amasaha cyangwa iminsi. Igenamiterere rya spray ntirishobora guhagarika imyuka. Abakoresha bagomba guhitamo ibipimo bihindagurika kugirango birinde ibi. Irinde gukoresha imiti ihindagurika cyane nka ester zimwe na zimwe za 2,4-D mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ibikoresho-Urwego rwo Kugabanya Ingamba zo Kugabanya

Guhitamo ibikoresho bigezweho bitanga kugabanuka gukomeye. Nozzles zo mu kirere (venturi) zifite akamaro kanini. Bakurura umwuka mumigezi yimbere mumubiri wa nozzle binyuze mumyobo mito. Ibi birema ibitonyanga binini, byuzuye umwuka. Ibitonyanga biremereye bihagije kugirango birwanye umuvuduko wumuyaga. Iyo bigira ingaruka ku kibabi, bimenagura ibitonyanga byiza. Ibi bitanga ibitonyanga bito bigenzurwa hamwe nibitonyanga byiza.

Ihitamo ryiza rya nozzle ryemerera abashoramari guhindura ingano yigitonyanga badahinduye igitutu cya spray. Ibi bikuramo impinduka ebyiri zo kugenzura ntarengwa. Urashobora kugumana umuvuduko wihariye mugihe ugabanya cyane drift.

• Drift Retardant Adjuvants: Izi nyongeramusaruro zihindura amazi ya viscosity. Bahuza uduce duto hamwe, bagabanya umubare wibitonyanga byiza byakozwe na nozzle badahinduye umuvuduko wimikorere.

• Abashinzwe gutwara ibinyabiziga bifatika: Ongeraho udusanduku twa plastike cyangwa cones kumutwe. Ibi bibuza umuyaga guhuza imikoranire nuburyo bwo gutera, bikagufasha gutera hafi yimipaka yoroheje.

• Abafana ba Flat-Drift Flat: Koresha ibishushanyo mbonera bya pre-orifice kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko wimbere mbere yimbere yo gusohoka, ukarema ibitonyanga binini kumikorere isanzwe.

Imipaka y’ibidukikije no kubahiriza

Micro-climates igira ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano wo gusaba. Ubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya umutego utonyanga neza hafi yubutaka. Mugihe cyo guhinduranya, umwuka ukonje ufashwe munsi yumuyaga ushyushye, ukabuza kuvanga guhagaritse. Gutera ibice bimanikwa mu kirere kandi bigenda bitateganijwe hejuru yintera ndende. Ubushuhe bugereranije bugira ingaruka kumuka. Ubushuhe buke butera ibitonyanga byiza guhumeka muri aerosole igenda neza. Umuvuduko wumuyaga usunika ibitonyanga inzira.

Abakoresha bagomba gushyiraho matrise yo kugenda / nta-kugenda ishingiye kumibare nyayo yibidukikije. Ntuzigere wishingikiriza kubikorwa. Koresha ikirere cya metero kugirango ugenzure uko ibintu bimeze kurubuga rusaba.

Ingaruka zo Gushyira mu bikorwa na Calibration Framework

Imashanyarazi nziza yamashanyarazi ntacyo imaze niba ihinduwe nabi. Kubungabunga nabi byangiza porogaramu neza. Ugomba gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bukomeye bwo gusuzuma kugirango ibinyabuzima bigerweho neza ndetse n’umutekano w’ibidukikije. Gukoresha imiti myinshi itwika imyaka kandi igasesagura amafaranga. Gukoresha bike cyane binanirwa kurwanya udukoko twangiza.

Intambwe ku yindi Umuvuduko na Flow Igipimo cya Calibration

Calibration yukuri ihuye na sprayer isohoka kumuvuduko wo kugenda. Uburyo bwa 1 / 128th hegitari nuburyo bwinganda kubikorwa byintoki nigikapu. Yoroshya imibare isabwa kugirango umenye gallon kuri hegitari kuko muri gallon harimo 128.

1. Gupima ahantu ho kwipimisha ukurikije ubugari bwa swath. Niba swath yawe ifite santimetero 18, bapima inzira ya metero 227.

2. Andika igihe nyacyo bisaba kugirango ugendere aya masomo kumuvuduko usanzwe, urambye. Kora ibi mubyukuri byimiterere, ntabwo kuri pavement.

3. Shyira icyuma cyamashanyarazi kumuvuduko wifuza.

4. Shira amazi mumasafuriya yo gupima mugihe nyacyo cyanditswe muntambwe ya kabiri.

5. Gupima amazi yakusanyirijwe mumazi. Umubare wa ounci yakusanyijwe uhwanye nigipimo cyawe cyo gusaba muri gallon kuri hegitari. Niba ukusanyije amaunci 15, igipimo cyawe ni 15 GPA.

Buri gihe ugenzure ibyasohotse mubyukuri imbonerahamwe ya nozzle. Niba ounci yawe yakusanyije idahuye nimbonerahamwe yumuvuduko wahisemo, nozzle yawe irashobora kwambara kandi ikeneye gusimburwa.

Ibintu byo gufata neza bigira ingaruka kubunyangamugayo

Ibikoresho kwambara bitesha agaciro ubunyangamugayo. Polimeri n'umuringa nozzles bishira vuba mugukoresha cyane. Imiti ikuraho imiti, nka porojeri yihuta, yihutisha iki gikorwa. Kwangirika kwa Orifice byongera umuvuduko. Ihinduranya kandi ibitonyanga bitonyanga bigana binini, bitaringaniye. Kugenzura nozzles buri gihe kugirango utere imiti idasanzwe cyangwa imirongo iremereye.

Shyira mubikorwa gahunda yo gukumira. Sukura inline muyungurura na ecran ya nozzle burimunsi ukoresheje brush yoroshye, ntuzigera wire cyangwa pin. Ibifunga bifunze bitera umuvuduko wumuvuduko no gutembera neza. Kugenzura diaphragms ya pompe buri kwezi kubimenyetso byumunaniro cyangwa kwangirika kwimiti. Simbuza O-impeta zambaye mugiterane cya wand kugirango wirinde umwuka no gutembera. Kubungabunga neza byemeza ko ibikoresho byawe bikora neza nkuko byahinduwe.

Umwanzuro

• Kugenzura ububiko bwawe bwa nozzle hanyuma ujugunye inama zose z'umuringa cyangwa polymer zerekana imyenda igaragara cyangwa idasanzwe.

• Shora mumashanyarazi yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe na anemometero ikoreshwa kugirango upime umuvuduko wumuyaga neza.

• Inzibacyuho kuri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi kugirango ugenzure protocole yawe kandi ukureho ihindagurika ryumuvuduko.

• Gushiraho itegeko ryateganijwe mbere yo gutera urutonde rwibidukikije kubakoresha bose kugirango wirinde impanuka.

Ibibazo

Ikibazo: Nigute igitutu kigira ingaruka kubunini bwigitonyanga muri spraper?

Igisubizo: Kongera umuvuduko uhatira amazi binyuze muri nozzle orifice byihuse, kogosha amazi mumatonyanga mato. Kugabanya umuvuduko bitanga ibitonyanga binini, biremereye. Umuvuduko mwinshi utezimbere ubwishingizi ariko byongera ibyago byo gutwara.

Ikibazo: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo gutembera kw'ibice no gutwarwa n'umwuka?

Igisubizo. Umwuka wumuyaga ubaho iyo imiti ivuye muri gaze nyuma yo kuyisaba hanyuma ikimuka hanze, ibyo bikaba biterwa nubushyuhe nubushakashatsi bwa chimique, ntabwo ari sprayer.

Ikibazo: Nubuhe bunini butonyanga bwo gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi?

Igisubizo.

Ikibazo: Ni ukubera iki icyuma cyanjye gikoresha amashanyarazi gitanga igihu kinini?

Igisubizo: Ubushuhe bukabije buterwa no gukora kumurongo wumuvuduko mwinshi hejuru ya nozzle yatoranijwe, cyangwa gukoresha nozzle yambarwa hamwe na orifice yangiritse idashobora kugenzura urupapuro rwamazi neza.

Ikibazo: Nshobora guhindura ingano yigitonyanga ntahinduye igitutu?

Igisubizo: Yego, inzira nziza cyane yo guhindura ingano yigitonyanga idahinduye umuvuduko wikigereranyo cyangwa umuvuduko ni uguhindura muburyo butandukanye bwa nozzle, nka nozzle yo mu kirere, ihindura uburyo bwa tekinike.

Ikibazo: Nigute ubushyuhe nubushuhe bigira ingaruka kumiti?

Igisubizo: Ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe buke butuma ibitonyanga bito bigenda byuka hagati yumuyaga mwinshi, bikabihindura uduce duto cyane twa aerosol mbere yuko bigera kuntego.

Ikibazo: Ni kangahe nkwiye guhinduranya sprayer yanjye?

Igisubizo: Calibibasi igomba gukorwa mugitangira cya buri gihembwe, igihe cyose uhinduye amajwi, cyangwa guhindura imiti kugirango umenye neza igipimo cyo gusaba.