I-Evolution ye-Agricultural Knapsack Sprayers

Izitshizi zezolimo zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kulimo lwangoku, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni impilo yezityalo kunye nemveliso. Ezi zixhobo ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukusebenzisa izinto ezingamanzi ezifana nezitshabalalisi, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, kunye nezichumisi ngendlela yenkungu kummandla obanzi wezityalo ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.

 

Yintoni isitshizi?

Isitshizi sisixhobo sezolimo esisetyenziselwa ukusasaza ulwelo ngeatomization. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukuguqula izinyibiliko zolwelo zibe ngamathontsi okanye inkungu ecolekileyo, enokutshizwa ngokufanayo kwizityalo nasemasimini. Izinto eziphambili zesitshizi ziquka itanki yokubamba ulwelo, impompo yokucinezela inkqubo, imibhobho, iivalvu, izihluzi, kunye nemilomo elawula indlela kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwesitshizi.

 

Imvelaphi kunye noPhuhliso lwakwaQala

Ukuvela kwezitshizi zezixhobo zezolimo kwaqala eFransi phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19 kwaye kunembali emalunga neminyaka engama-200 kuphela. Ekuqaleni, iindlela zaziqhelekile ngezixhobo ezinje ngemitshayelo okanye iibhrashi ezisetyenziselwa ukutshiza izibulali-zinambuzane ezingamanzi okanye izityalo ezinothuli ngomgubo osongelwe ngelaphu. Emva koko kwavela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezilula zehydraulic ezifana nokutsala iityhubhu okanye iisirinji zokutshiza ulwelo okanye ukusasaza umgubo ngokuqhushumba komoya. Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, iUnited States yavelisa izitshizi zezandla kunye neziduli zezandla, nto leyo ephawula ukuqala kobugcisa bezi mini zokutshiza izitshabalalisi.

 

Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo 1800s, izitshizi ezisebenza ngesandla ziye zafumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwamafama. Ezi zixhobo zaziquka itanki ezaliswe lulwelo lwesisombululo esiqhagamshelwe kumlomo okhupha inkungu ecolekileyo xa ucinezelwe. Abalimi bazimpompa ngesandla ezi zitshizi ukuze bakhe uxinzelelo phambi kokuba bahambe emasimini ukuze bafake unyango ngokuthe ngqo kwizityalo.

 

Ngenkqubela phambili yemizi-mveliso ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900, izitshizi eziqhutywa ngeemoto zavela zivumela ukugqunywa okungaphezulu kwixeshana elifutshane. Ezi bezisoloko zixhonywa kwiitrektara eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nempumelelo kulawulo lwezinambuzane.

 

Izinto ezintsha zale mihla

Ngenkulungwane yama-20, impumelelo ebalulekileyo yetekhnoloji iguqule uyilo lwesitshizi. Ukuveliswa kwekhowuni engenanto kunye nemilomo emile njengefan yenze lula ulwelo lweatom olucolekileyo, ukhuselo lokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngeminyaka yee-1970, ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe be-hydraulic, iinkqubo ze-photonic vision, i-ultrasonics, i-sensors zanamhlanje, i-GPS, i-GIS (iiNkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi), i-remote sensing, kunye ne-telemetry yenza izitshizi zichaneke ngakumbi kwaye zibe krelekrele.

 

Ngaphaya koko, uphuhliso lwemilomo elungelelanisiweyo luphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwezitshizi. Le mibhobho ingalungelelaniswa ukuze kuhanjiswe isitshizi ngokweepateni ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu bamathontsi, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesityalo okanye isitshabalalisi ekujoliswe kuso. Oku bhetyebhetye kuvumela amafama ukuba akhulise ukusebenza kakuhle kwesitshizi ngelixa unciphisa inkcitho.

 

Enye inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kukudityaniswa kolawulo olukude kunye neempawu ezizenzekelayo kuyilo lwesitshizi. Ngoncedo lweenkqubo zolawulo olukude, amafama angakwazi ukusebenzisa izitshizi zimgama, eqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokulungelwa kwazo. Iimpawu ze-automation zenza ukuba izitshizi zilandele iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo, ziqinisekisa ukugqunywa okungaguqukiyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weempazamo zabantu.

 

Uphuhliso lwaseTshayina lwesitshizi

Uphando ngezitshizi eTshayina lwaqala ngeminyaka yoo-1930 kwiziko loPhando lePhondo laseZhejiang. Emva kokusekwa kweTshayina eNtsha ngo-1949 phantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo ebeka phambili ukusetyenziswa koomatshini kwezolimo, i-China yaqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza ubugcisa bayo besitshizi. Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwiinkqubo zemanyuwali ukuya kwiinkqubo zeemoto kuphawule ukutsibela phambili okubalulekileyo. Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, abavelisi baseTshayina bagxininise kwizinto ezintsha-ukuguquka ukusuka ekuxeliseni ukuya kuyilo lwangaphambili-kunye nokudibanisa izakhiwo ezisebenzayo ezijongene neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezolimo.

Isixeko saseTaizhou savela njengendawo yokuvelisa izinto ezincinci izitshizi zeknapsack ezilawula ngoku kwiimarike zehlabathi ngenxa yomgangatho wazo kunye nokuyila kwazo.

 

Izitshizi zezolimo zihambe umgama omde ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezintsha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngemfuno ehlala ikhula yezivuno eziphezulu zezityalo kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lwezinambuzane, amafama anamhlanje aguqukela kwizixhobo eziphambili ezifana nezitshizi zezolimo zeknapsack. Ezi zixhobo ziphathwayo nezisebenzisekayo ziye zayiguqula indlela abalimi abalawula ngayo izityalo zabo, zibanika isisombululo esifanelekileyo nesisebenzayo sokubulala ukhula, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane kunye nokunkcenkceshela.

 

Enye yeempawu eziphambili zale mihla izitshizi zeknapsack zezolimo luyilo lwazo lwe-ergonomic. Abavelisi bakubonile ukubaluleka kokubonelela amafama ngezixhobo ezitofotofo nekulula ukuzisebenzisa. Ezi zitshizi ngoku zixhotyiswe ngemitya elungelelanisiweyo kunye neendawo zokulala ezingasemva, eziqinisekisa ukuba amafama ayakwazi ukuzithwala ixesha elide ngaphandle kokutsala amagxa okanye umqolo. Olu yilo lwe-ergonomic aluphuculi nje kuphela induduzo kodwa luphucula imveliso, luvumela amafama ukuba agubungele iindawo ezinkulu ngokulula.

 

Ukongeza kwintuthuzelo, izitshizi zeknapsack zezolimo zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokumpompa eziphambili. Ezi zitshizi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe boxinzelelo oluphezulu, ziqinisekisa ukuba indlela yokutshiza iyasebenza kwaye ayiguquguquki. Ngemimiselo yoxinzelelo oluhlengahlengiswayo, abalimi banokulawula ngokulula ukuhamba kunye nobunzulu besitshizi, besenza ukuba silungele izityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zolawulo lwezinambuzane. Oku kutshiza ngokuchanekileyo akugcini nje ixesha kunye nezibonelelo kodwa kuqinisekisa ukuba iikhemikhali zisasazwa ngokulinganayo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kwazo.

 

Uphuhliso loyilo lwemilomo ehlaziyiweyo luphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kwezitshizi zeknapsack zezolimo. Le milomo yenzelwe ukunika ipateni yokutshiza efanayo, ukunciphisa inkcitho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukugqunywa okucokisekileyo. Ezinye izitshizi zide zibonelele ngemilomo etshintshatshintshayo, evumela amafama ukuba enze ipateni yokutshiza ngokweemfuno zabo ezithile. Oku kuguquguquka kuluncedo ngakumbi xa ujongene neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo okanye xa kujoliswe kwindawo ezithile zolawulo lwezinambuzane.