Ukuphatha ulungelelwaniso lwezixhobo njengomsebenzi odinayo yimpazamo eneendleko ezinkulu. Kufuneka uyijonge njengophicotho olubalulekileyo lwezemali kunye nokuthobela umsebenzi wakho wonke wokufama. Nokuba imilomo emincinci inxibe okanye ukungangqinelani koxinzelelo oluncinci kukhokelela ngokukhawuleza kwinkunkuma enkulu yeekhemikhali. Ezi mpazamo zifihliweyo zibangela ukutsha kwezityalo okutshabalalisayo. Zikwashiya amasimi akho esesichengeni sokulawulwa zizinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo. Awunakukwazi ukuqikelela xa usebenzisa amagalelo abizayo.
Esi sikhokelo sibonelela ngesakhelo esisebenzayo, esenziwe lula sezibalo ukulungisa ezi mpazamo zifihliweyo. Siza kukubonisa indlela yokuzisa nayiphi na isitshizi sezolimo kulawulo olungqongqo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwezolimo. Uya kufunda ubuchule obuqinisekisiweyo bokulinganisa imveliso ngokuchanekileyo. Siphelisa izibalo ezintsonkothileyo ukukunceda ukhuseleke ngokugqibeleleyo intsimi. Ukuphumeza ezi zicwangciso kuya kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zakho zegalelo kunye nokukhusela indawo engqongileyo.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
Imigangatho yoShishino (USEPA/USDA) igunyazisa umda wempazamo ongekho ngaphezulu kwe-5% phakathi kokujoliswe kuko kunye nezinga lezicelo ezizizo.
Imilomo ebonisa i-10% yesiphumo sokutenxa kwisiseko somvelisi kufuneka itshintshwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukutyhoboza kunye nenkunkuma yemveliso.
'Indlela ye-acre eyi-1/128' isusa izibalo ezintsonkothileyo kwizitshizi ze-boom: ii-ounces eziqokelelwe ngokuthe ngqo zilingana neeGaloni nge-Acre (GPA).
Ukulungelelanisa uxinzelelo alusebenzi kakhulu ekutshintsheni umthamo wemveliso (ifuna i-4x yoxinzelelo lwe-2x yemveliso) kwaye yandisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-drift.
I-Baseline Metrics: Ukuvavanya ukuFaneka kweSitshizi sezoLimo kunye neNkunkuma
Ulungelelwaniso olulambathayo luphelisa ingeniso yefama yakho. Kufuneka uchaze iindleko eziyinyani zezi mpazamo zomatshini zifihliweyo. Ukusebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo kumosha amagalelo ekhemikhali abiza kakhulu. Ikwanyusa kakhulu imingcipheko yokungcoliseka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Abalawuli bajonga ezi mpembelelo zokusingqongileyo ngononophelo. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kokusetyenziswa kuyasilela ukucinezela ukhula okanye izinambuzane. Oku kusilela kukunyanzela ukuba wenze imisebenzi eneendleko zokutshiza kwakhona. Ulahlekelwa zombini ixesha kunye namafutha edizili kwinkqubo.
Udinga iindlela ezingqongqo zempumelelo ukuthintela le lahleko. I-USEPA kunye ne-USDA ziseka i-benchmark ecacileyo yempumelelo. Isixokelelwano esilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka sisebenze kumda we-±5% weqondo ekujoliswe kulo kwileyibhile yeekhemikhali. Uyasilela kuphicotho-zincwadi lokuthobela ukuba imveliso yakho igqithile kulo mda ungqongqo. Ukuchaneka kwezolimo kufuna eli nqanaba lokuchaneka komsebenzi. Igaloni nganye kufuneka ihlale kanye apho ibicetywe khona.
Iziganeko ezithile zifuna uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo. Kufuneka ulungelelanise izixhobo zakho ekuqaleni kwexesha ngalinye lokutshiza. Musa ukuxhomekeka kwidatha yonyaka ophelileyo. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uhlengahlengise emva kokwenza impompo okanye ukugcinwa kwehardware. Ukutshintsha i-viscosity yeekhemikhali kuguqula amazinga akho okuhamba kakhulu. Tshintshela useto lwakho olusisiseko xa usuka kumchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ukuya kwizichumisi ezishinyeneyo. Ekugqibeleni, phinda uhlengahlengise ngokukhawuleza xa uqwalasela iipateni zentsimi ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuhluthwa okanye ukubulawa kokhula ngokungalinganiyo kubonisa inkqubo yonikezelo engasebenziyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kokuCalibration: Ukuchonga ukunyamezelwa kweHardware
Awukwazi ukulinganisa inkqubo eyaphukileyo. Ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho isitshizi sezolimo , kufuneka umisele isiseko soomatshini. Qala ngokugcwalisa itanki engundoqo igcwale isiqingatha usebenzisa amanzi acocekileyo kuphela. Ungaze usebenzise iikhemikhali ezisebenzayo ngexesha lesigaba sokuvavanya. Bandakanya impompo ukuvavanya ukuzinza koxinzelelo lokusebenza. Jonga igeyiji yoxinzelelo ngokusondeleyo. Inaliti yokugqabhuka ibonisa ukunxitywa komoya okanye impompo. Hamba bonke ubude be-boom ukujonga ukuvuza komgca. Lungisa yonke imibhobho ethontsizayo phambi kokuba uqhubeke.
Kuya kufuneka unyanzelise ngokungqongqo i-10% yomqobo wokunxiba. Iinkcukacha zekhathalogu zichaza ngokuthe ngqo ukuba lungakanani na ulwelo olukhutshwa ngumlomo omtsha. Kufuneka ulinganise isiphumo sakho sangoku sombhobho. Thelekisa le mveliso ilinganisiweyo ngokuchasene nedatha yekhathalogu yokuqala yomenzi. I-Hardware ithotywa ngokwendalo ekumpompeni amachiza abrasive. Ukuba nawuphi na umlomo womlomo utenxa ngaphezulu kwe-10% kuluhlu olutsha, wulahle ngoko nangoko. Iintsika ezigugileyo zenza iipateni zokutshiza ezidibanayo kwaye ilahle imveliso ebiza kakhulu.
Uhluzo luyalela amazinga okuqukuqela azinzileyo. Kuya kufuneka uhlole yonke i-hierarchy yakho yokucoca. Susa zonke izihluzi ezingaphakathi kunye nezikrini zeengcebiso.
Zicwilise izihluzo ezimdaka emanzini ashushu, anesepha.
Khuhla umnatha ngobunono usebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo.
Vuthela umoya oxinanisiweyo ngeengcebiso zomlomo.
Ungaze ufake ucingo, izikhonkwane, okanye izinto zentsimbi kwindawo ephuma emlonyeni.
Izinto zentsimbi zikrwempa ngokusisigxina iplastiki okanye ubhedu oluchanekileyo. Umkrwelo wemicroscopic uyonakalisa ipateni yesitshizi ngoko nangoko. I-hardware ecocekileyo iqinisekisa ukuba imathematika yakho ezayo ihlala ichanekile.
Indlela ye-acre eyi-1/128 ye-Boom Sprayers (iMigangatho yase-US)
Izibalo ezintsonkothileyo zikholisa ukutyhafisa abaqhubi ukuba balinganise rhoqo. Indlela ye-1/128 ye-acre isusa ngokupheleleyo ezi fomula ezinzima. Kufuneka kuphela ukuqonda ingqiqo esisiseko. Igaloni eqhelekileyo yase-US iqulethe kanye ii-ounces zolwelo ezili-128. Ngokucutha indawo yovavanyo ukuya kwi-1/128 ye-acre, izibalo zenza lula ngokugqibeleleyo. Eliqhezu lilingana ne 340 square feet. Ngenxa yesi sikali somlinganiselo, ii-ounces eziqokelelweyo zilingana ngqo neeGaloni zakho ngeAcre (GPA).
Kufuneka umisele owona mgama wovavanyo lwakho kuqala. Linganisa isithuba phakathi kwemilomo yakho ngee-intshi. Sebenzisa ifomula elula ukwenza imephu esi sikhewu kumgama wakho wokuqhuba. Ifomula yile: Umgama (ft) = 340 / (Isithuba soMlomo ngee-intshi / 12). Sinikezela ngetheyibhile yereferensi eqhelekileyo engezantsi ukukhawulezisa ukuseta kwakho.
Isithuba soMlomo (i-intshi) |
Uvavanyo olufunekayo (Iinyawo) |
15 |
272 |
20 |
204 |
30 |
136 |
40 |
102 |
Landela amanyathelo angqongqo okwenziwa ukuze ubambe ixesha elichanekileyo kunye nedatha yevolumu. Gcina itrektara yakho kweyona sixhobo uza kusisebenzisa xa utshiza.
Phawula umgama wovavanyo omiselweyo entsimini yakho usebenzisa iiflegi.
Qhuba umgama olinganisiweyo ngesantya sakho sokusebenza kunye ne-RPM.
Rekhoda elona xesha lichanekileyo elithathayo ukuhamba phakathi kweeflegi ngemizuzwana.
Paka itrektara kwaye ugcine injini isebenza kwi-RPM efanayo.
Bandakanya impompo kuxinzelelo lwakho lokusebenza olujoliswe kuyo.
Qokelela amanzi acocekileyo kumbhobho omnye ngelo xesha lirekhodiweyo kanye.
Sebenzisa ikomityi yokulinganisa efundeka kakhulu, eye-ounce-graded ukuqokelelwa.
Funda ii-ounces zolwelo kwikomityi yakho kwinqanaba lamehlo. Ii-ounces zolwelo ezibanjiweyo ziyalela ngokuchanekileyo i-GPA yakho yentsimi. Ukuba ubamba ii-ounces ezili-15, umatshini wakho usebenza ngqo kwi-15 GPA. Uyilinganisele ngempumelelo inkqubo yakho ngaphandle kokubala.
Isakhelo sokuCalibration seeModeli zeBoomless kunye neBackpack
Izitshizi ze-Boom zixhomekeke kwimilomo emxinwa. Izitshizi ezingenabom zenza ipateni enkulu, ebanzi. Kufuneka uhlengahlengise ingqiqo yakho yemathematika kolu luhlu lubanzi. Iinkqubo ezingasebenziyo zisebenzisa i'1/8th Acre Method' endaweni yoko. Umisela umgama wovavanyo ngokwahlula ama-5,460 ngobubanzi bakho bubonke bokutshiza ezinyaweni. Umzekelo, ububanzi be-spray-foot-30 bufuna uvavanyo lwe-182-foot test. Indlela yokuqokelela nayo iyenyuka. Uqokelela imveliso kwiipayinti kuneewunsi. Iipayinti zizonke eziqokelelwe zilingana ngokuchanekileyo neGPA yakho.
Ubhaka okanye izitshizi zeknapsack zazisa into ebalulekileyo yomntu. Umatshini awulawuli isantya. Ulawula isantya sokuhamba. Oku sikubiza ngokuguquguquka kokuziphatha. Isantya sakho sokuhamba kufuneka sihlale sihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo. Ubuchwephesha bakho be-wand kufuneka buhambelane neemeko zentsimi ngokuchanekileyo. I-pendulum esecaleni ukuya kwicala igubungele ngokuhlukileyo kunendlela yokuhamba esecaleni. Kuya kufuneka uphindaphinde indlela oziphatha ngayo kwintsimi ngexesha lovavanyo.
Kufuneka kwakhona ulinganise isikali sakho sobhaka ngokusekwe kwileyibhile yeekhemikhali. Iileyibhile zihlala zohluka phakathi kweendawo ezincinci zegadi kunye neziza ezinkulu zezolimo.
Usetyenziso lweNdawo encinci: Iilebhile zeTurf kunye negadi zihlala zisebenzisa iireyithi kwi-1,000 yeenyawo zesikwere. Phawula indawo eyi-1,000 sq ft. Yitshize ngamanzi. Yenza umlinganiselo wamanzi owasebenzisayo. Phinda-phinda-phinda lo mthamo kubungakanani beyadi yakho iyonke.
Isicelo soMgangatho weNdawo: Iileyibhile ezinkulu zezolimo zifuna indlela ye-GPA. Sebenzisa indlela ye-1/128 ye-acre (340 square feet). Tshiza indawo yovavanyo. Qokelela imveliso ngexesha elifanayo. Ii-ounces zilingana ne-GPA yakho.
Tshatisa indlela yakho kunye neleyibhile yemveliso yakho ukunqanda iimpazamo ezinobungozi zokugxila.
Ukulungisa iimposiso zeziphumo: Uxinzelelo, isantya, okanye imilomo?
Uvavanyo lwakho lokuqala luya kuwa ngaphandle komda we-5%. Udinga isakhelo sovavanyo ukulungisa ezi mpazamo zemveliso ngokufanelekileyo. Abaqhubi bahlala bekhetha indlela engalunganga yohlengahlengiso. Ukukhetha kakubi kukhokelela ekukhukulisekeni kwamathontsi. Unezinto ezintathu eziguquguqukayo onokuzilawula: uxinzelelo, isantya, kunye nobungakanani bombhobho. Kufuneka uqonde imida nganye.
Sibonisa itshathi yokukhangela ngokukhawuleza kwisicwangciso sakho sohlengahlengiso.
Adjustment Variable |
Umda woLungiso |
Umgaqo wokuSebenza |
Inqanaba loMngcipheko weDrift |
Uxinzelelo (PSI) |
IiNgxaki ezincinci (1-9%) |
Kufuneka iphindwe kane (4x) uxinzelelo lokuphinda kabini (2x) imveliso. |
Phezulu (Yenza amathontsi amahle) |
Isantya seTrektara |
Uhlengahlengiso oluphakathi (10-25%) |
Isantya sesiqingatha siphinda kabini izinga lesicelo ngokuchanekileyo. |
Phantsi (Igcina ubungakanani bethontsi) |
Ukutshintshela uMlomo |
Uhlengahlengiso Olungundoqo (>25%) |
Khetha isayizi ye-orifice ehambelana nokuhamba okufunekayo ngokuthe ngqo. |
Akukho (Eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo) |
Ukulungelelanisa uxinzelelo kusebenza kuphela kwii-tweaks ezincinci. Ifiziksi ye-fluid dynamics iyayinqanda ngokungqongqo le ndlela. Umgaqo we-square root ulawula izinga lokuhamba. Awunakuphinda kabini imveliso yakho ngokuphinda kabini uxinzelelo. Kufuneka ngokwenene uphindaphinde kane uxinzelelo ukuze ufumane umthamo ophindwe kabini. Silumkisa ngokungqongqo ukuba singakwenzi oku. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwenza ulwelo lube yinkungu ecolekileyo. Le nkungu ikhukuliseka ngokulula iye kumasimi angabamelwane.
Ukutshintsha isantya sokuqhuba kulawula i-tweaks ephakathi ngokufanelekileyo. Isantya sabelana ngobudlelwane obuthe ngqo obugwenxa kunye namazinga osetyenziso. Ukunciphisa isantya setrektara yakho ngoko nangoko kuliphinda kabini izinga lesicelo sakho. Kwelinye icala, ukuqhuba kabini ngokukhawuleza kunciphisa i-GPA yakho kwisiqingatha. Kuya kufuneka uqaphele imida yokusebenza kwendawo yakho yentsimi. Umhlaba onodaka okanye ongalinganiyo uthintela isantya sakho sokuqhuba esikhuselekileyo. Musa ukulubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lwetrektara ukuze ufikelele kwithagethi ye-GPA.
Ukutshintshwa kweNozzle kuhlala sisixhobo sakho esilungileyo sohlengahlengiso olukhulu. Sibeka ukutshintshwa kwemilomo njengeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo ekhoyo. Imele eyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokuguqula ngokubonakalayo amaxabiso ezicelo. Ukutshintsha isayizi ye-orifice ayithobeli isayizi yakho yethontsi. Ikugcina uthobela ngokupheleleyo ngelixa ubetha iithagethi zakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Iindlela ezizezinye zeMetric: Ifomula yeemitha ezili-100 (L/ha)
Abasebenzisi abaninzi bamazwe ngamazwe basebenzisa iiyunithi zemetric kuphela. Ukuguqula iigaloni zibe ziilitha kwazisa ukukhuhlana okungeyomfuneko. Sibonelela ngesakhelo sokubala esithe ngqo sokukalwa kwehlabathi. Le metric engenye ixhomekeke kumlinganiselo weeLitha ngeHektare nganye (L/ha). Idlula ngokupheleleyo i-1/128th acre logic. Ubala iireyithi zesicelo ezichanekileyo usebenzisa indlela esemgangathweni yokubaleka.
Kufuneka usete umkhondo wovavanyo weemitha ezili-100. Yenza umlinganiselo we-100 leemitha ngqo kumhlaba webala. Qhuba esi sifundo ngesantya osicelileyo sokusebenza. Rekhoda ixesha elithathwayo ukuwela umgca wokugqibela. Paka izixhobo ngokukhuselekileyo. Qokelela imveliso kumlomo omnye ngelo xesha lichanekileyo. Kufuneka wenze imilinganiselo yolwelo olufakiweyo ngeeLitha. Ukusebenzisa isilinda esithweswe izidanga kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu.
Abasebenzisi abasebenzisa izixhobo ezisemgangathweni zaseYurophu bayazuza kwindlela emfutshane yokuphindaphinda. Uninzi lweebhomu zangoku zibonakalisa isithuba se-50cm (500mm) sombhobho oqhelekileyo. Ukuba umatshini wakho uhambelana nale nkcazo, sebenzisa indlela emfutshane yezibalo. Phindaphinda-phinda iLitha yakho efakiweyo ngama-200. Olu balo luvelisa ngoko nangoko umlinganiselo wakho we-L/ha. Umzekelo, ukuba ubamba iilitha ezi-0.5, umlinganiselo wesicelo sakho yi-100 L/ha.
Imephu yomqolo wezityalo ifuna indlela eyahlukileyo kancinane. Ukutshiza ngebhanti kujolise kwisityalo ngokuthe ngqo kunokusasaza. Ubala ngokusekelwe kwimiqolo ngehektare nganye kunendawo ekrwada yesikwere. Kufuneka umisele ukuba mingaphi imiqolo engena ngaphakathi kwebhloko esemgangathweni. Ububanzi bomqolo obuyi-0.9m bulingana malunga ne-111 kwibhloko nganye ye-100m. Phinda-phinda umthamo wakho womqolo omnye ngenani elipheleleyo lomqolo. Oku kwahlula iihektare ezilungisiweyo kwaye kuthintele ukuthengwa okugqithisileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ulungelelwaniso lwesiqhelo lukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho kwezolimo ngokunzulu. Ulungelelwaniso lwarhoqo luguqula isixhobo sakho sisuke kwityala elinokubakho sibe sisixhobo esichanekileyo. Uyayiphelisa inkunkuma yeekhemikhali kwaye ukhusele iinkqubo ezibuthathaka zamanzi aphantsi komhlaba ngokupheleleyo. Umlinganiselo ongqongqo uqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zakho zifumana kanye oko zikufunayo ukuze zikhule.
Kufuneka ubhale zonke iisetingi zakho zokugqibela zolungelelwaniso. Rekhoda ukhetho lwakho lwegiya, injini ye-RPM, uxinzelelo lokusebenza, kunye nohlobo lombhobho. Ukubhala oku phantsi kudala isiseko esithembekileyo kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka. Ithintela ukuqagela ngexesha lokutyala iifestile ezinoxinzelelo.
Siyakubongoza ukuba wenze uvavanyo lokuqala lwamanzi ngoko nangoko. Yenza olu vavanyo phambi kokulayisha nayiphi na imichiza esebenzayo kwitanki yakho. Khusela imida yakho yezemali namhlanje ngokulungiselela izixhobo zakho zokugubungela indawo egqibeleleyo.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Kutheni kufuneka ndilinganise amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha lonyaka?
IMPENDULO: Iikhemikhali ezirhabhayo zibangela ukunxitywa kwemicroscopic kwimilomo yakho ngalo lonke ixesha utshiza. Oku kunxitywa kwandisa i-orifice ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-orifice eyandisiweyo yonyusa amazinga okuhamba ngokungabonakaliyo. Oku kunyuka kancinci kukhokelela kusetyenziso olugqithisileyo lwemichiza kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zegalelo.
UMBUZO: Ngaba ndingatshintsha umlomo omnye ongaphumeleliyo kuvavanyo lwe-10%?
A: Hayi. Ukuba umlomo omnye ubonisa ukuguga okuqatha, eminye inokuba kufutshane ngasemva. Bonke bafumana uxinzelelo olufanayo lokumpompa kunye nokuqhawuka kweekhemikhali. Ukutshintsha i-boom yonke ngaxeshanye kuthintela iipateni zokutshiza ezingalinganiyo kwaye kuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwesityalo esifanayo.
Umbuzo: Usetyenziso olunebhendi lulutshintsha njani ubalo lwam lweekhemikhali?
A: Ukutshiza ngebhandi kugxile kuphela kumqolo wesityalo esithile. Ishiya indawo ephakathi ingaphathwanga. Kufuneka ubale ezona iihektare ezinyangweyo usebenzisa umlinganiselo wobubanzi bebhendi ukuya kwizithuba zemiqolo. Oku kuthintela ukuthengwa okukhulu kweekhemikhali ezigxininisiweyo.
