Kuyesa kukonza zida ngati ntchito yotopetsa ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Muyenera kuiona ngati kafukufuku wofunikira pazachuma komanso kutsata malamulo pantchito yanu yonse yaulimi. Ngakhale kuvala kwa mphuno zazing'ono kapena kusagwirizana pang'ono pang'ono kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mankhwala. Zolakwa zobisikazi zimachititsa kuti mbewu ziwotchedwe kwambiri. Amasiyanso minda yanu pachiwopsezo cha kulephera kuwongolera tizilombo. Simungathe kuyerekeza mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodula.
Bukhuli limapereka ndondomeko yothandiza, yophweka masamu kuti akonze zolakwika zobisikazi. Tikuwonetsani momwe mungabweretsere chilichonse ulimi wopopera mbewu mankhwalawa mokhwima malamulo ndi agronomic kutsata. Mudzaphunzira njira zotsimikiziridwa kuti muyese zotulutsa molondola. Timachotsa mawerengedwe ovuta kukuthandizani kuti muteteze kufalikira kwamunda. Kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi kumachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zomwe mumayika ndikuteteza malo ozungulira.
Zofunika Kwambiri
Miyezo yamakampani (USEPA/USDA) imalamula malire olakwika osapitilira 5% pakati pa zomwe mukufuna komanso mitengo yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito.
Mphuno zosonyeza kupatuka kwa 10% kuchokera pazoyambira za opanga ziyenera kusinthidwa kuti zipewe kuphatikizika ndi kutayika kwazinthu.
'1/128th acre method' imachotsa masamu ovuta a sprayers a boom: ma ounces omwe amasonkhanitsidwa molingana ndi magaloni pa Acre (GPA).
Kusintha kupanikizika sikuthandiza kwambiri pakusintha voliyumu (kumafuna kukakamiza kwa 4x pa 2x kutulutsa) ndikuwonjezera kwambiri chiwopsezo cha drift.
Miyezo Yoyambira: Kuwunika Kuchita Bwino kwa Sprayer yaulimi ndi Zinyalala
Kusakhazikika bwino kumawononga phindu la famu yanu mwakachetechete. Muyenera kufotokozera mtengo weniweni wa zolakwika zamakina zobisika izi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kumawononga zinthu zodula kwambiri. Kumawonjezeranso kwambiri kuopsa kwa madzi apansi panthaka. Oyang'anira amawunika mosamala zomwe zimachitika zachilengedwe. Kumbali ina, kusagwiritsa ntchito kumalephera kupondereza udzu kapena tizirombo. Kulephera uku kumakupangitsani kuti muyambenso kutsitsiranso ntchito zodula. Mumataya nthawi ndi mafuta a dizilo mukuchita.
Mufunika njira zopambana kuti mupewe zotayika izi. USEPA ndi USDA amakhazikitsa chizindikiro chodziwikiratu kuti apambane. Dongosolo losanjidwa bwino liyenera kugwira ntchito mkati mwa ± 5% mulingo wa zomwe zalembedwapo mankhwala. Mukulephera kuwunika ngati zomwe mwatulutsa zikupitilira malire ochepera awa. Ulimi wolondola umafuna kulondola kwa magwiridwe antchito awa. Galoni iliyonse iyenera kutera pomwe ikufuna.
Zochitika zina zimafuna kukonzanso nthawi yomweyo. Muyenera kuyeza zida zanu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo iliyonse yopopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Osadalira deta ya chaka chatha. Muyeneranso kukonzanso pambuyo pokonza mpope kapena hardware. Kusintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe amankhwala kumasintha mayendedwe anu kwambiri. Sinthani makonda anu oyambira pamene mukuchoka ku mankhwala ophera udzu wopyapyala kupita ku feteleza wandiweyani. Pomaliza, sinthaninso nthawi yomweyo mukawona machitidwe osagwirizana. Kukwapula kapena kupha udzu wosagwirizana kukuwonetsa kulephera kwa njira yoperekera.
Kuyang'anira Kukonzekera Kwambiri: Kuzindikira Kulekerera kwa Hardware
Simungathe kuwerengera dongosolo losweka. Musanayambe kuyesa wanu Agriculture sprayer , muyenera kukhazikitsa makina oyambira. Yambani ndikudzaza thanki yaikulu ndi madzi oyera okha. Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwe akugwira ntchito panthawi yoyesera. Phatikizani pampu kuyesa kukhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa ntchito. Yang'anani kwambiri mphamvu yopimira. Sino yopumira imawonetsa kutsekedwa kwa mpweya kapena pampu. Yendani utali wonse wa boom kuti muwone ngati mizere ikutha. Konzani mapaipi onse akudontha musanapitirire.
Muyenera kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu 10% ya kuvala. Mafotokozedwe a katalogi amatengera ndendende kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe mphuno yatsopano iyenera kutulutsa. Muyenera kuyeza kutulutsa kwanu kwa nozzle. Yerekezerani zomwe zayezedwa ndi zomwe wopanga adalemba. Zida zopangira zida mwachilengedwe zimanyozeka popopera mankhwala abrasive. Ngati mphuno ya munthu aliyense ipatuka ndi kupitilira 10% kuchokera pamatchulidwe atsopano, itaya nthawi yomweyo. Mitsinje yowonongeka imapanga mawonekedwe opopera osakanikirana ndikuwononga zinthu zodula.
Kusefera kumapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda mokhazikika. Muyenera kuyang'ana mbiri yanu yonse yosefera. Chotsani zosefera zonse zapaintaneti ndi zowonera.
Zilowerereni zosefera zakuda m'madzi ofunda, asopo.
Tsukani mauna mofatsa pogwiritsa ntchito mswachi wofewa.
Kuwomba mpweya wothinikizidwa kudzera mu nsonga za nozzle.
Osalowetsapo waya, mapini, kapena zinthu zachitsulo m'mitsempha.
Zinthu zachitsulo zimakanda mpaka kalekale pulasitiki kapena mkuwa wopangidwa mwaluso. Kukwapula kwa microscopic kumawononga mawonekedwe opopera nthawi yomweyo. Zida zoyera zimatsimikizira masamu anu omwe akubwera amakhalabe olondola.
Njira ya 1/128th Acre ya Boom Sprayers (US Standard)
Masamu ovuta nthawi zambiri amalepheretsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera pafupipafupi. Njira ya 1/128th acre imachotseratu mitundu yovutayi. Mukungoyenera kumvetsetsa mfundo zoyambira. Galoni yokhazikika yaku US imakhala ndi ma ounces amadzimadzi 128 ndendende. Pochepetsa malo anu oyeserera kufika pa 1/128th ya ekala, masamu amaphweka bwino. Gawo ili likufanana ndi 340 square feet. Chifukwa cha sikelo yofananira, ma ounces omwe amasonkhanitsidwa akufanana mwachindunji ndi Gallons Per Acre (GPA).
Muyenera kudziwa mtunda weniweni woyeserera kaye. Yezerani motalikirana pakati pa mphuno zanu ndi mainchesi. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yosavuta kuti mupangire malowa kuti mufike pamtunda wanu woyendetsa galimoto. Njirayi ndi: Distance (ft) = 340 / (Nozzle Spacing in inchi / 12). Tikukupatsirani tebulo lokhazikika pansipa kuti mufulumizitse khwekhwe lanu.
Kutalikirana kwa Nozzle ( mainchesi) |
Mtunda Woyesa Wofunika (Mapazi) |
15 |
272 |
20 |
204 |
30 |
136 |
40 |
102 |
Tsatirani njira zoyendetsera bwino kuti mujambule nthawi yolondola komanso kuchuluka kwa data. Sungani thirakitala yanu mu zida zomwe mudzagwiritse ntchito popopera mankhwala.
Chongani mtunda woyeserera womwe watsimikizika m'munda mwanu pogwiritsa ntchito mbendera.
Yendetsani mtunda woyezedwa pa liwiro lanu komanso RPM.
Lembani nthawi yeniyeni yomwe imatengera kuyenda pakati pa mbendera mumasekondi.
Imani thalakitala ndikusunga injini ikuyenda pa RPM yomweyo.
Gwirani ntchito ndi mpope pazomwe mukufuna kuchita.
Sonkhanitsani madzi oyera kuchokera pamphuno imodzi pa nthawi yeniyeni yojambulidwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapu yoyezera yomveka bwino kwambiri kuti mutolere.
Werengani ma ounces amadzimadzi m'kapu yanu pamlingo wamaso. Ma ounces amadzimadzi omwe amagwidwa amatengera gawo lanu la GPA. Mukagwira ma ounces 15, makina anu amagwira ntchito ndendende 15 GPA. Mwayesa bwino dongosolo lanu popanda chowerengera.
Ma Calibration Frameworks a Boomless ndi Backpack Models
Opopera mankhwala a Boom amadalira milomo yotalikirana kwambiri. Opopera mankhwala opanda boom amapanga chitsanzo chachikulu, chotambasuka. Muyenera kusintha masamu anu kuti mumve zambiri. Makina opanda mphamvu amagwiritsa ntchito '1/8th Acre Method' m'malo mwake. Mumazindikira mtunda woyeserera pogawa 5,460 ndi m'lifupi mwake mumapazi. Mwachitsanzo, 30-foot spray wide amafuna 182-foot test run. Njira yosonkhanitsira imakulanso. Mumasonkhanitsa zotuluka mu ma pint osati ma ounces. Ma pinti onse omwe asonkhanitsidwa akufanana ndendende ndi GPA yanu.
Opopera chikwama kapena knapsack amayambitsa chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chamunthu. Makinawo salamulira liwiro. Mumalamulira mayendedwe oyenda. Izi timazitcha kusinthasintha kwamakhalidwe. Kuthamanga kwanu kuyenera kukhala kosasinthasintha. Njira yanu ya wand iyeneranso kufanana ndi zomwe zili m'munda ndendende. Kugwedezeka kwa pendulum kumbali ndi mbali kumakwirira mosiyana kusiyana ndi kalembedwe kakuyenda kokhazikika. Muyenera kutengera zomwe mumachita m'munda wanu panthawi yoyeserera.
Muyeneranso kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa chikwama chanu potengera chizindikiro cha mankhwala. Zolemba nthawi zambiri zimasiyana pakati pa madera ang'onoang'ono amaluwa ndi minda yayikulu yaulimi.
Small Area Application: Zolemba za turf ndi dimba nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mitengo pa 1,000 square feet. Ikani malo a 1,000 sq ft zone. Utsirize ndi madzi. Yesani kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe munagwiritsa ntchito. Wonjezerani voliyumuyi poyerekezera ndi kukula kwa bwalo lanu lonse.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Munda Wakumunda: Zolemba zazikulu zaulimi zimafunikira njira ya GPA. Gwiritsani ntchito njira ya 1/128th acre (340 square feet). Utsi malo mayeso. Sungani zotulutsa kwa nthawi yomweyo. Ma ounces akufanana ndi GPA yanu.
Fananizani njira yanu ndi lebulo lazinthu zanu kuti mupewe zolakwika zowopsa.
Kukonza Zolakwa Zotuluka: Kupanikizika, Kuthamanga, Kapena Ma Nozzles?
Mayeso anu oyamba atha kugwera kunja kwa malire a 5%. Mufunika dongosolo lowunikira kuti mukonze zolakwika izi bwino. Othandizira nthawi zambiri amasankha njira yolakwika yosinthira. Kusankha molakwika kumabweretsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa madontho. Muli ndi mitundu itatu yosinthira: kuthamanga, kuthamanga, ndi kukula kwa nozzle. Muyenera kumvetsetsa zofooka za aliyense.
Tikupereka tchati cholozera mwachangu cha njira yanu yosinthira.
Kusintha Kusintha |
Kuwongolera Kokwanira |
Lamulo la Ntchito |
Drift Risk Level |
Pressure (PSI) |
Zosintha zazing'ono (1-9%) |
Kupanikizika kumayenera kuwirikiza kanayi (4x) kuwirikiza kawiri (2x). |
Wapamwamba (Amapanga madontho abwino) |
Liwiro la Talakitala |
Zosintha Zapakatikati (10-25%) |
Liwiro la theka limachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndendende. |
Otsika (Amasunga kukula kwa dontho) |
Kusintha kwa Nozzle |
Zosintha Zazikulu (> 25%) |
Sankhani kukula kwa orifice kufananiza ndikuyenda komwe kumafunikira mwachindunji. |
Palibe (Njira yotetezeka) |
Kusintha kupanikizika kumagwira ntchito pazosintha zazing'ono. Fiziki yamadzimadzi imachepetsa njira iyi. Lamulo la square root limayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mafunde. Simungathe kuwirikiza kawiri kutulutsa kwanu mwa kungochulukitsa kukakamiza. Muyenera kuwirikiza kanayi kuti mukwaniritse voliyumu kuwirikiza kawiri. Tikuchenjeza mwamphamvu kuti tisachite izi. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kumapangitsa madziwo kukhala nkhungu yabwino. Nkhungu imeneyi imalowerera mosavuta m’minda yoyandikana nayo.
Kusintha liwiro lanu loyendetsa kumathandizira ma tweaks apakatikati bwino. Kuthamanga kumagawana ubale wotsutsana ndi mitengo ya mapulogalamu. Kuchepetsa liwiro la thirakitala yanu nthawi yomweyo kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito yanu. Kumbali inayi, kuyendetsa kawiri mwachangu kumachepetsa GPA yanu pakati. Muyenera kuzindikira malire ogwirira ntchito a gawo lanu. Malo amatope kapena osagwirizana amaletsa kuthamanga kwanu kotetezeka. Osasokoneza chitetezo cha thirakitala kuti mukwaniritse cholinga cha GPA.
Kusintha kwa Nozzle kumakhalabe chida chanu chabwino kwambiri pakusintha kwakukulu. Timayika kusinthana kwa nozzle ngati njira yotetezeka kwambiri yomwe ilipo. Imayimira njira yolondola kwambiri yosinthira kwambiri mitengo yofunsira. Kusintha kukula kwa dothi sikusokoneza kukula kwanu koyenera. Zimakupangitsani kuti muzitha kutsatira mosasunthika pomwe mukugunda ma voliyumu anu molondola.
Njira Zina za Metric: Fomula ya 100-Meter (L/ha)
Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito ma metric unit okha. Kutembenuza magaloni kukhala malita kumabweretsa mikangano yosafunikira. Timapereka ndondomeko yowerengera yolunjika pakukula kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Njira ina ya metric iyi imadalira kuyeza Malita pa Hekitala (L/ha). Imadutsa malire a 1/128th acre logic. Mumawerengetsera mitengo yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikika yothamanga.
Muyenera kukhazikitsa njira yoyesera yamamita 100. Yezerani ndendende mamita 100 pamtunda wamtunda. Yendetsani maphunzirowa pa liwiro lomwe mukufuna kugwira ntchito. Lembani nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mudutse mzere womaliza. Ikani zida mwachitetezo. Sungani zotulutsa kuchokera mumphuno imodzi kwa nthawi yeniyeniyo. Muyenera kuyeza madzi ogwidwawa mu Malita. Kugwiritsa ntchito silinda yomaliza maphunziro kumatsimikizira kulondola kwambiri.
Ogwiritsa ntchito zida zodziwika ku Europe amapindula ndi njira yachidule yochulukitsira. Mabomba amakono ambiri amakhala ndi mtunda wa 50cm (500mm) wa nozzle. Ngati makina anu akugwirizana ndi izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yachidule ya masamu. Chulukitsani Lita yanu yotengedwa ndi 200. Kuwerengera kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa L/ha yanu yonse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mugwira malita 0.5, mlingo wanu wofunsira ndi 100 L/ha.
Kujambula pamizere kumafuna njira yosiyana pang'ono. Kupopera mbewu kwa bandeji kumalunjika ku mbewu mwachindunji osati kuwulutsa. Mumawerengera potengera mizere pa hekitala imodzi m'malo motengera dera lalikulu. Muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mizere ingati yomwe ili mkati mwa chipika chokhazikika. Mzere wa 0.9m m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi mizere 111 pa 100m block. Wonjezerani voliyumu yanu pamzere umodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa mizere yonse. Izi zimalekanitsa maekala othandizidwa ndikuletsa kugula kwakukulu.
Mapeto
Kuwongolera pafupipafupi kumateteza ndalama zanu zaulimi kwambiri. Kuwongolera pafupipafupi kumasintha zida zanu kuchokera pazovuta zomwe zingatheke kukhala chida cholondola. Mumachotsa zinyalala za mankhwala ndikuteteza machitidwe amadzi apansi panthaka kwathunthu. Muyezo wokhwima umatsimikizira kuti mbewu zanu zilandila zomwe zimafunikira kuti zikule bwino.
Muyenera kulemba makonda anu onse omaliza. Jambulani zosankha zanu zamagiya, RPM ya injini, kuthamanga kwa ntchito, ndi mtundu wa nozzle. Kulemba izi kumapanga maziko odalirika a nyengo yonse. Zimalepheretsa kupenekera panthawi yobzala mazenera ovuta.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muyese madzi oyambira nthawi yomweyo. Yesani izi musanalowetse mankhwala aliwonse mu thanki yanu. Tetezani malire anu azachuma lero pokulitsa zida zanu kuti zizikhala bwino.
FAQ
Q: Chifukwa chiyani ndiyenera kuwongolera kangapo pachaka?
Yankho: Mankhwala abrasive amachititsa kuvala kwa microscopic pamphuno zanu nthawi zonse mukamapopera mankhwala. Kuvala uku kumakulitsa mochenjera popita nthawi. Mphuno yokulirapo imachulukitsa mayendedwe mosawoneka. Kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchulukirachulukira kwa mankhwala komanso kukwera kwamitengo yolowera.
Q: Kodi ndingangosintha mphuno imodzi yomwe imalephera mayeso a 10%?
Yankho: Ayi. Ngati mphuno imodzi ikuwonetsa kutha kwambiri, enawo amakhala pafupi. Onse amakumana ndi mphamvu yopopa yofanana ndi kuphulika kwa mankhwala. Kusintha kwa boom yonse nthawi imodzi kumalepheretsa kutsitsi mosiyanasiyana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mbewu zimatetezedwa.
Q: Kodi pulogalamu yokhala ndi bandeji imasintha bwanji kuwerengera kwanga kwamankhwala?
Yankho: Kupopera mbewu kwa bandeji kumangoyang'ana pa mzere wa mbewu. Zimasiya malo apakati osagwiritsidwa ntchito. Muyenera kuwerengera maekala enieni omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chiŵerengero cha bandi m'lifupi ndi mizere yotalikirana. Izi zimalepheretsa kugula kwakukulu kwa mankhwala okhazikika.
