Ukudlula kokugcina kokufuthwa kwesizini kuvame ukuphela ngendlela efanayo: umshini ungena eshedeni, ipayipi lihlala ku-reel, futhi akekho ophinde alithinte kuze kube yilapho isimo sezulu siphenduka. Ezinyangeni kamuva iphampu ngeke isebenze, ingcindezi ayilingani, futhi ibhethri ebeligcwele ekwindla liyisicaba. Cishe awukho kulowo monakalo ovela emsebenzini wasensimini. Okuningi kwenzeka ngenkathi isifutho sihlezi singanyakazi.
Ukugcinwa kwe-off-season kuyingxenye yomsebenzi, hhayi ikhefu kuwo. Izinsalela zamakhemikhali zilokhu zisabela ngaphakathi kwethangi elivaliwe. Amanzi avaleleke anwebeka cishe ngo-9% uma eba yiqhwa futhi ehlukanisa amakhanda epompo nezinto ezifakwa ngaphakathi. Amabhethri azikhipha ngokwawo kancane futhi buthule. Ingxenye ebizayo ayikona ukulungisa - iwindi lesifutho eligejiwe lapho kuvulwa isizini futhi isikhathi sinquma isivuno.
Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa inqubo yokuvalwa ngokuphelele kwezolimo isifutho sikagesi , kusukela ekuhlanzeni kokugcina kuya kugesi wokuqala ovuliwe entwasahlobo. Isebenza kumayunithi we-knapsack, i-wheelbarrow kanye ne-ATV eyakhelwe eduze kwepompo ye-diaphragm kagesi.
Inothi elibalulekile lokuphepha: Nqamula ibhethri ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlanza noma ukuqaqa. Gqoka amagilavu amelana namakhemikhali kanye nokuvikela amehlo lapho uphatha izinsalela nezinto zokuhlanza. Ungalokothi uhlanze imilomo ngocingo, imimese noma izihlanzi zethiphu yokushisela.
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
· Izinsalela aziyeki ukusebenza: isibulala-zinambuzane esomisiwe kanye ne-fertilizer concentrate ihlasela ama-seal, ama-diaphragm kanye ne-filter mesh ubusika bonke. Ukugeza okuphindwe kathathu ngaphambi kokugcinwa kuvimbela ukwehluleka okuningi kwentwasahlobo.
Amanzi asele ngaphakathi ayingozi yangempela: amanzi aqandayo anda cishe ngo-9% ngomthamo. Amanzi avaleleke ekhanda lepompo, ipayipi noma isibhamu sesifutho angahlukanisa izindlu ngaphambi kokuba ubone inkinga.
· Ukugcinwa kwebhethri kuyinkinga yokushaja, akuyona inkinga yesikhathi: amaphakethe e-lithium angaphansi kwesimo sokushaja esingu-40–60%; amabhethri e-lead-acid angawagcwele. Zombili zidinga ukwengezwa okuhleliwe.
· Izimvu zamanzi zidinga ukumiswa, hhayi nje ukomiswa: Izindandatho ze-O, ama-gasket kanye nama-diaphragm kufanele zihlanzwe, zomiswe futhi zigcotshwe kancane, bese zigcinwa zicindezelekile futhi ithangi likhishwe umoya.
Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kwesitoreji
Hlola umshini usamanzi futhi usasebenza. Uma isipakiwe ulahlekelwa amandla okuhlola ingcindezi nokuphumayo, futhi lonke iphutha liba ukuqagela.
Yenza ukuhlolwa komfutho wamanzi ahlanzekile kuqala. Gcwalisa ithangi cishe cishe ikota, ugijime imizuzu emibili kuya kwemithathu, bese ubuka igeji. Inalithi ezingelayo noma ecwila ngaphansi kwe-trigger enganyakazi idonsa ikhomba emoyeni ongena ohlangothini lokumunca, isisefo esivinjwe kancane, noma i-diaphragm egugile. Qaphela ukuziphatha manje ukuze ube nesisekelo sentwasahlobo.
Bese uhlola-nozzle ngayinye iminithi elilodwa bese uqhathanisa okukhiphayo nezinga lokugeleza eligxivizwe noma elifakwe ikhodi yombala ethiphu. Uma umlomo wombhobho uchezuka ngaphezu kuka-10% kusisekelo sawo sangempela, shintsha esikhundleni sokulungisa kabusha eduze kwawo. Shintshanisa amasethi ombhobho ngaphambi kokugcinwa, hhayi ngemva kwalokho, ukuze umshini ulungele ukulinganisa lapho kuvulwa isizini.
Okokugcina, hambisa iyunithi ekugcineni futhi ufake ohlwini konke okusetshenziswayo eduze nomkhawulo wakho: izihlungi zokumunca, izikrini zokuphela kwesibhamu, ama-gaskets esivalo sethangi, ama-O-rings, izigaba zamapayipi ezibonisa ukuhuzuka eduze kokufakwayo, namatheminali ananoma yikuphi ukugqwala okuluhlaza noma okumhlophe. Wahlele manje - izikhathi zokuhola ezisele azivamile ukuhambisana nefasitela lokuqala lesifutho. Ngezingxenye okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zigqoke ku-a i-wheelbarrow sprayer , bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuxazulula inkinga.
Ukulandelana Kokuvala: Hlanza, Hlanza futhi Ukhiphe Yonke Indlela Yoketshezi
Isifafazi sihlanzeka kuphela uma zonke izingxenye ezithinte amakhemikhali sezihlanjululwe futhi zonke izingxenye ezibambe amanzi sezikhishiwe.
Hlanza ithangi kathathu. Gcwalisa cishe u-20-25% ngamanzi ahlanzekile, uyaluza, bese ufafaza okuqukethwe ngohlelo olugcwele kuze kube yilapho ithangi loma. Phinda kabili. Ungakufinyezi lokhu kube okokugeza okukodwa emshinini othwala ukhula ngasekupheleni kwesizini.
Qondanisa ukuhlanza nomkhiqizo wokugcina. Uma isicelo sokugcina bekuwumuthi wokubulala ukhula, noma iyunithi ephethe imindeni yemikhiqizo embalwa, sebenzisa inqubo yokuhlanza eshiwo leyo khemistri kunamanzi angenalutho. Lahla amanzi okugeza ngokuya ngemithetho yendawo - ungalinge uwafafaze emaphethelweni enkundla ukuze kube lula. Ukuze uthole isiqondiso sokugwema ukuthelelana phakathi kwemithi yokubulala ukhula, izibulala-zinambuzane nezivundisi, bheka isihloko sethu esizinikezele.
Sula yonke indlela yoketshezi, usebenzele ngaphandle ethangini:
Susa futhi ugeze isihluzi sethangi.
· Hlanza isihluzo sokumunca nesihlungi sangaphandle.
Geza amanzi ahlanzekile ngepompo umzuzu owodwa kuya kwemibili.
• Khipha ipayipi ngokugcwele, lishaye, bese ulihlehlisa ngokukhululeka ku-reel.
• Khumula isibhamu sokufutha: khipha ichopho lombhobho, ikepisi lombhobho kanye nesikrini esivala isibhamu, bese usicwilisa emanzini ahlanzekile.
Sebenzisa ibhulashi elinamabristle athambile kuphela. Abahlanzi bezintambo namathiphu bashintsha i-orifice geometry unomphela.
Khipha ngokuphelele. Vula ipulaki yokudonsa ithangi bese utshekisa iyunithi ukuze ukhiphe indawo ephansi kakhulu. Lapho isistimu ingashaywa umoya, sebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe ophansi — yigcine ngaphansi kwe-2 bar / 30 psi. Qalisa iphampu kafushane kuphela ukuze ukhiphe uketshezi; ukugijima okomile okunwetshiwe kulimaza ama-diaphragm. Shiya ama-drain plugs ngaphandle nesivalo sethangi sikhululeke ukuze umswakama ungavalwa.
Ukuvikelwa Kokuqandisa: Yini Engase Ihlale Ngaphakathi nokuthi Yini Okufanele Iphume
Amanzi uwukuphela koketshezi ohlelweni olunwebekayo lapho kuba yiqhwa, futhi yilona oluvame ukusala ngemuva. Umthetho ulula: uma indawo yokugcina ingehla ngaphansi kuka-0°C, khipha umshini ngokuphelele futhi ungathembeli ku-antifreeze ukuze uthole imajini.
Lapho ingxenye ingakwazi ukukhanyiswa ngokugcwele, i-propylene glycol esekelwe ku-RV noma i-antifreeze yasolwandle iyona kuphela isigaba somkhiqizo okufanele sicatshangelwe. I-automotive ethylene glycol inobuthi futhi ayinayo indawo ezintweni ezingase zithwale imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo noma ezisebenza ezakhiweni zemfuyo. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinto zakho zokufaka uphawu kuqala — i-EPDM ne-Nitrile (Buna-N) ngokuvamile zibekezelela i-propylene glycol, kuyilapho amamaki e-Viton kufanele ahlolwe ngokuqhathaniswa neshidi lemininingwane yomkhiqizi wephampu. Noma yini engenayo kufanele ikhishwe ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kwamakhemikhali kokuqala kwesizini ezayo.
Phatha i-antifreeze njengendlela yokugcina, hhayi isinyathelo esivamile. Umshini okhishiwe awudingi lutho.
Isitoreji Sebhethri: Izinga Lokushaja, Izinga lokushisa kanye nezikhawu zokukhuphuka phezulu
Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukuthi isifutho singaqali entwasahlobo ibhethri elifile, futhi ukwehluleka okulula ukukunqanda. Inqubo efanele incike kumakhemikhali, ngakho-ke khomba ukuthi iyiphi iphakethe elisebenzisa kuqala.
Amaphakethe we-Lithium-ion. Gcina ku-40-60% yezindleko. Ku-100% iphakethe liguga ngokushesha; eduze nokungenalutho, ukuzikhipha ngokwakho kungayiphusha ngaphansi kwesinqamuleli esiphephile futhi ezinye izinhlelo zokuphatha ziyikhiyele ngaphandle unomphela. Gcina endaweni ecishe ibe ngu-15°C, phakathi kuka-5–25°C. Lindela ukuzikhulula okungu-1–3% ngenyanga futhi ugcwalise njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid avaliwe. Isitolo sishajwe ngokugcwele. Zizikhipha ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ngo-5-10% ngenyanga, futhi zidinga ukukhushulwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Kuyunithi engu-12 V, ungavumeli ugesi wetheminali uhlale ngaphansi cishe kuka-12.4 V - cishe uhhafu weshaji - ngoba i-sulphation iqala lapho futhi umthamo ulahleka unomphela.
Zombili izinhlobo. Khipha ibhethri bese uligcina endlini, ngaphandle kokhonkolo ongenalutho futhi kude nesithwathwa. Hlanza amatheminali bese usebenzisa ifilimu elincanyana lamafutha e-dielectric. Ungalokothi ugcine ibhethri eliyisicaba; eyodwa efika entwasahlobo ifile iyizindleko zokushintshwa, hhayi izindleko zokuyilungisa. Ilebule ngedethi yokukhokhiswa kanye nedethi yokwengeza elandelayo.
Hlola ishidi lakho lemininingwane ukuze uthole uhlobo oluqondile lwephekhi, kusukela izinguqulo ze-lithium ne-lead-acid zemodeli efanayo zidinga izimo zokushaja eziphambene.
Izimpawu, ama-diaphragm, ama-hoses kanye nezingxenye zensimbi: Ukulungiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuphumula
Irabha nensimbi kwehluleka ngokuhlukile esikhathini eside sokungenzi lutho, futhi kokubili kudinga ukunakwa ngaphambi kokuba umshini upakwe.
Izingxenye zenjoloba. Geza ama-O-rings, ama-gaskets kanye ne-tank lid seal, womise, bese usebenzisa ifilimu elincanyana le-silicone grease. Gwema i-petroleum jelly nemikhiqizo kawoyela wamaminerali ezingxenyeni ze-EPDM ne-Nitrile ngaphandle uma umphakeli eqinisekisa ukuhambisana, njengoba amanye amarabha avuvukala lapho ethintana. Vuselela noma yiluphi uphawu oluye lwaba isicaba noma oluqhekekile - uphawu oluseceleni ekwindla luwuphawu oluvuzayo entwasahlobo.
I-diaphragm ne-pressure switch. I-Depressurise ngaphambi kokugcinwa. Setha ifindo lokucindezela libe lincane bese uvule i-trigger, ukuze iphampu ingabambi ikholomu yokucindezela ngokumelene ne-diaphragm izinyanga. I-diaphragm ekhululekile idlula elayishiwe.
Amapayipi, imibhobho nemisebenzi yensimbi. Hlehlisa amapayipi ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kwama-kinks futhi akukho ukungezwani kokufakwayo. Susa amathiphu e-nozzle, womise futhi uwagcine alebulwe ngohlobo nosayizi. Hlanza uhlaka, thinta upende oqoshiwe, bese usebenzisa ifilimu kawoyela elula ensimbi eveziwe. Emayunithi amasondo nekalishi, hlola amathayi futhi uwaphakamise asuke phansi.
Izimo Zokugcina: Lapho Umshini Uchitha Ubusika
Indawo yenza umsebenzi omningi njengokuhlanza. Gcina endlini lapho kungenzeka khona, endaweni eyomile ehlala ngaphezu kwamaqhwa. Misa iyunithi phezu kwephalethi noma emabhulokini esikhundleni senhlabathi noma ukhonkolo, obamba umswakama ngokumelene nohlaka kanye namathayi.
Limboze ngendwangu ephefumulayo, hhayi uthayela wepulasitiki ovaliwe - uthayela ovalekile uvalela ukuminyanisa ezingxenyeni zensimbi nezikagesi. Kugcine kude nomanyolo nokugcinwa kwamakhemikhali, njengoba umhwamuko obolayo uhlasela izimpawu namatheminali ngisho nangekhava, nangaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, ngoba i-UV yonakalisa amathangi e-PE namapayipi enjoloba phakathi nenkathi egcwele.
Bese uyikhiyela ngaphandle: ibhethri linqanyuliwe, iyunithi imakiwe, ithangi elibhalwe ngomkhiqizo wokugcina owenziwe kanye nosuku lokuhlanzwa. Uma omunye u-opharetha ecosha umshini entwasahlobo, leyo lebula iwukuphela kolwazi abayoba nalo.
Ukuqala Kabusha Kwasentwasahlobo: Amasheke Ayisithupha Ngaphambi Kosuku Lokuqala Lwesifutho
Ungavuli isizini ngokugcwalisa ithangi ngamakhemikhali. Awuvule ngamanzi.
· Isheke elibonakalayo nelemishini — amapayipi, izinsimbi, izinsimbi zozimele, amathayi, nazo zonke izigxivizo ezimakwe ekwindla.
· Ibhethri — shaja ngokugcwele, qinisekisa ugesi wetheminali, bese uqinisekisa isikhathi sangempela sokusebenza ekuphumeni kokuqala kunokuba ucabange ukuthi iyafana ngesizini edlule.
· Gcwalisa amanzi kuphela — cindezela bese uhamba ngobude obugcwele bepayipi, ubheka wonke amalunga namavalvu ngaphambi kokuba noma iyiphi ikhemikhali ingene ethangini.
· I-Prime and bleed — engeza amanzi amancane ahlanzekile endaweni yokungena yepompo uma kudingeka, gijima isikhashana ukuze usule umoya ovaleleke, futhi ungalokothi uwomise ngaphezu kwemizuzwana embalwa.
· Hlola futhi ulinganise kabusha — qinisekisa umzuzu owodwa ophuma emlonyeni uma uqhathanisa nesisekelo, shintsha noma yini engaphandle kwewindi elingu-10%, bese ulinganisa kabusha izinga lesizini eliqondiwe.
· Qinisekisa izinhlelo zokuphepha — igeji ifundeka njengeqiniso, inkinobho yokucindezela iyanqamuka lapho isibhamu sivala, i-PPE iphelele, amalebula omkhiqizo afundeka kalula.
Isifutho esidlula zonke eziyisithupha endleleni yokugeleza kwamanzi ahlanzekile ngeke sikubize ngefasitela lesifutho kamuva.
Isiphetho
Umonakalo wasebusika awubonakali kuze kube usuku udinga umshini. I-diaphragm eqhekezwe yiqhwa elivaleleke, ibhethri elahlala phansi, kanye nombhobho ovinjwe izinsalela ezomisiwe konke kubonisa ngendlela efanayo: isifutho ngeke sisebenze ngosuku lokuqala lwesizini. Akukho nokukodwa kwalokhu kwehluleka okuvela ekusebenzeni kanzima ensimini. Zivela kulokho okwenziwe - noma okungenziwanga - ngehora lokugcina lesizini edlule.
Ingxenye ephikisayo ukuthi isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu futhi kulula ukweqa. Ukukhipha ikhanda lepompo kuthatha imizuzu emibili futhi kuvimbela ukwehluleka okubiza kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizini. Ukushaja ibhethri ezingeni elifanele lokulondoloza kuthatha isikhathi eside ukukhumbula kunokukwenza.
Hlela ukuvala shaqa ngaphambi kokudlula isifutho sakho sokugcina kunokuba ngemva kwakho, futhi u-ode izinto ezidlekayo ozihlonze ngenkathi abahlinzeki besathumela. Gcina ilogi ebhaliwe yedethi yokuhlanza, idethi yokushajwa kwebhethri nezingxenye ezishintshiwe - lelo logu lishintsha ukuqala kabusha kwentwasahlobo elandelayo ukusuka ekuhlolweni kokuxilongwa kube uhlu lokuhlola.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ngingavele ngishiye amanzi ahlanzekile ethangini ebusika?
A: Kuphela uma indawo yokugcina ihlala ngaphezu kweqhwa. Amanzi anda cishe ngo-9% lapho eba yiqhwa futhi ehlukanisa izindlu zamaphampu, izifakelo zamathangi nezingxenye zamapayipi ukusuka ngaphakathi. Uma kukhona noma yiliphi ithuba lesithwathwa, khipha umshini ngokuphelele.
Umbuzo: Ingabe i-antifreeze iphephile ukusebenzisa isifutho sezolimo?
A: Kuphela njengendlela yokugcina yezingxenye ongeke ukwazi ukukhipha, futhi kuphela i-propylene glycol esekelwe i-RV noma i-antifreeze yasolwandle. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-automotive ethylene glycol, enobuthi futhi engafanele ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo noma imfuyo. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-seal, bese usula kahle ngaphambi kokugcwalisa amakhemikhali okuqala.
Q: Kufanele ngiyishaje kangaki ibhethri ngesikhathi sokulondoloza?
A: Amaphakethe e-lithium ngokushaja okungama-40–60% adinga ukukhushulwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Amabhethri e-lead-acid avaliwe agcinwe eshajwe ngokugcwele adinga eyodwa njalo emavikini amane kuya kwayisithupha futhi akufanele ahlale ngaphansi cishe kuka-12.4 V kuyunithi engu-12 V. Faka idethi yokushaja elandelayo kulebula esebhethrini.
Q: Ingabe isivalo sethangi kufanele sivuleke noma sivalwe ngesikhathi sokugcinwa?
A: Yiyeke ikhululekile noma ivuleke. Ukuvala ithangi elisabambe iminonjana yomswakama kuvala umswakama futhi kubhake izinsalela ezindongeni. Ithangi elikhipha umoya liyakoma futhi lihlanzeke ngokushesha entwasahlobo.
Umbuzo: Iphampu yami ngeke iqale entwasahlobo. Yini ehlulekile?
IMP: Sebenzisa izimbangela ezingaba khona ngokulandelana kwazo: i-strainer evinjiwe, ithumbu lokumunca eliqinile elidonsa umoya endaweni yokufata, i-gasket yesivalo sethangi eliyisicaba, noma i-diaphragm eqiniswe ngesikhathi sokungenzi lutho. Hlanza futhi usethe kabusha ezintathu zokuqala ngaphambi kokuthatha ukwehluleka kwephampu; uma ingcindezi ingakakheki, hlola i-diaphragm bese uhlola amavalvu bese ufaka ikhithi yokufaka esikhundleni sangempela.
