Drip Irrigation vs. Sprayer Irrigation: Ndi Yabwino Iti Pambewu Yanu?

Ulimi umagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya madzi abwino omwe amapezeka padziko lapansi. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kukwera mtengo kwa ntchito, kutaya madzi kwakhala vuto la tsiku ndi tsiku kwa alimi amakono. Kupeza kulinganiza koyenera pakati pa kukulitsa zokolola ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chigamulo chovuta cha zomangamanga. Kuyendera zovuta za kayendetsedwe ka madzi aulimi kumafuna kuti oyang'anira mafamu awone bwino momwe chinyezi chimaperekedwa m'minda yawo.

Alimi ndi akalimidwe amakumana ndi vuto lokhazikika lochirikiza thanzi la mbewu pomwe akuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi mphamvu. Mkangano womwe ukupitilira pakati pa njira zothirira zosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri umasiya eni nyumba kufunafuna mayankho otsimikizika. Poyang'ana maupangiri aukadaulo waumisiri wodziwika bwino kwambiri - wothirira pang'ono ndi opopera pamutu - mutha kupanga chisankho chogula mwanzeru. Kukonzekera kopangidwa bwino kumafanana ndi biology yapadera ya gawo lanu, mbiri ya nthaka, ndi zovuta za bajeti.

Zofunika Kwambiri

• Kuteteza Chinyezi: Kuyika kwa madontho kumapereka madzi olowera kumadera amizu. Amadzitamandira mpaka 90 peresenti yogwira ntchito bwino. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, makonzedwe apamtunda amataya chinyontho chochuluka chifukwa cha nthunzi ya mumlengalenga ndi kutengeka kwa mphepo.

• Kukwanira kwa Zomera: Mithirira yaying'ono imakula bwino mu mbewu za mizere, m'minda ya zipatso, komanso m'minda yamasamba yamtengo wapatali. Njira zapamtunda ndizoyenera kwambiri kumunda wothinana, forage, ndi masamba okulirapo azamalonda.

• Mphamvu Zazachuma: Othirira nthawi zambiri amapereka ndalama zotsika mtengo zoyambira maekala akuluakulu. Komabe, ma emitter omwe akuyembekezeredwa amapulumutsa kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso ndalama za feteleza.

• Kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Kusunga masamba owuma, kukwiriridwa kapena machubu apamwamba kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Sprayers amatsuka fumbi kuchokera masamba koma mosadziwa amatha kulimbikitsa matenda a zomera okhudzana ndi chinyezi m'malo a chinyontho.

• Kusamalira System: Zomangamanga zonse ziwiri zimafuna kukonzedwa mokhazikika. Mizere ya emitter ndiyomwe imakonda kutsekeka mkati ndipo imafuna kusefera kolimba. Pakadali pano, zida zam'mwamba zimafunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa nozzles zosweka komanso kusagwirizana kwapanikizi.

Mayendedwe Amakono a Makampani mu Agricultural Water Management

Agronomy yamakono ikusintha mwachangu kuchoka ku zongopeka komanso kuthirira kofunda. Motsogozedwa ndi chilala chotalikirapo komanso kukhwimitsa malamulo amadzi apansi panthaka, ntchito zamalonda zikuphatikiza kutumiza chinyezi moyendetsedwa ndi data. Makampaniwa akuwona kukula kwakukulu kwaulimi wolondola. Oyang'anira mafamu akuphatikiza zowunikira za chinyezi za nthaka za IoT ndi ma valve odzichitira okha kuti awonetsetse kuti madzi amangopopedwa pomwe ziwopsezo zachilengedwe zimafuna.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwanyengo kwakhala koyendetsa kwambiri pakukweza kwa zomangamanga. Pamene nyengo ikusokonekera, kufunikira kwa njira zotumizira zinthu moyenera kwakwera kwambiri. Olima sakungoyang'ananso kunyowetsa dothi; iwo ndi mainjiniya olondola ma microclimates kuti ateteze tsogolo lawo ku nyengo yowuma yosayembekezereka.

Kumvetsetsa Engineering: Drip and Sprinkler Systems

Kuti apange chisankho chabwino cha agronomic, oyang'anira minda ayenera kufotokozera njira zoperekera njira zonse ziwiri. Ngakhale onse amafunitsitsa kuwonjezera mvula yachilengedwe ndikusunga moyo wa mbewu, mfundo zawo zama hydraulic ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito m'munda zimasiyana kwambiri.

Ma Mechanics a Drip Networks

Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa micro-mthirira, iyi ndi njira yochepetsera, yotsika kwambiri. Amapereka chinyontho pang'onopang'ono komanso mwachindunji ku mizu ya mbewuyo kudzera munjira yopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri ya mavavu, machubu a polyethylene, ndi ma emitter apadera. Chifukwa madziwa amaikidwa pamalo pomwe chamoyocho chimawafuna, madziwo amatuluka m'mwamba.

Kukhazikitsa kwamakono kumaphatikizanso mosagwirizana ndi njira yotchedwa fertigation. Mwa kubaya zakudya zamadzimadzi mwachindunji mumizere yayikulu yamadzimadzi, akatswiri azamalimi amaonetsetsa kuti feteleza ali ndi mlingo wocheperako ndendende pamene mbewu imalowa m'magawo okulirapo. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti michere itengeke komanso imalepheretsa kuthamangira kwa mankhwala m'magome amadzi am'deralo.

Ma Mechanics of Sprayer Infrastructures

Njira imeneyi imadziwika kuti kuthirira m'mwamba, imatengera mvula yachilengedwe. Madzi amapopedwa kudzera pa netiweki ya mipope yolemetsa kwambiri ndipo amapopera mwamphamvu mumlengalenga kudzera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nozzles. Madziwo akamadutsa m’mlengalenga, amaphwanyika n’kukhala timadontho ting’onoting’ono tambirimbiri tomwe timagwera m’nthaka ya mbewuyo komanso padziko lonse lapansi.

Ulimi wamalonda umagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yaukadaulo uwu. Mukamapanga makonzedwe awa, kusankha koyenera zopopera mbewu zaulimi ndizofunikira kuti ntchito ziyende bwino. Opopera mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapampu amphamvu a 12-volt a diaphragm omwe amatha kutulutsa madzi oyenda bwino a malita 3 mpaka 5 pamphindi. Zimagwira ntchito bwino pazovuta zapakati pa 2 ndi 4 bar, mayunitsiwa amakakamiza madzi kudzera m'milomo yamkuwa yosinthika kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti madontho agawidwe m'maekala akulu akulu, kaya pogwiritsa ntchito ma boom okhala ndi thirakitala kapena mitu yamphamvu yosasunthika.

Kuyerekeza kwamutu ndi mutu: Kuchita bwino, Mtengo, ndi Kusamalira

Poyesa kukweza kwa zomangamanga, eni nyumba ayenera kusanthula zinthu zingapo zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Cholinga ndi kugwirizanitsa mphamvu zamadzimadzi ndi ndondomeko zamakono zamakono komanso malonda.

Kuchuluka kwa Madzi ndi Kutuluka kwa Nthunzi

Kusamalira zinthu kumakhalabe kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa njira ziwirizi. Ma network amthirira ang'onoang'ono amagwira ntchito modabwitsa 85 mpaka 90 peresenti yamadzi. Chifukwa madzi umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pa nthaka pamwamba kapena kukwiriridwa m'munsi mwa khasu zone, izo likulowerera muzu zomangamanga yomweyo popanda mumlengalenga kusokonezedwa.

Mosiyana ndi izi, zopopera pamutu zimagwira ntchito pamlingo wa 65 mpaka 75 peresenti. Popeza kuti madziwa amathamangitsidwa panja, unyinji wake umatayika chifukwa cha nthunzi usanafike pansi. Tangoganizani kuti mukuyendetsa pivot yapakati pa Julayi masana otentha komanso kwamphepo. Kuthamanga kwa mphepo kumatha kuwomba madontho kutali kwambiri ndi mizere yomwe mukufuna, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala osafanana komanso kuwononga chuma.

Mitengo Yam'tsogolo vs. Kubwerera Kwanthawi yayitali pa Investment

Kudzipereka kwachuma komwe kumafunikira kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwaulimi ndi ukadaulo wosankhidwa. Kuyika pansi tepi ya polyethylene nthawi zambiri kumafuna ndalama zambiri zam'tsogolo pa ekala. Zomangamanga zimafuna zipangizo zambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza masauzande ambiri otulutsa pawokha, zowongolera kukakamiza, komanso masiteshoni amchenga amtundu wamalonda. Komabe, kubweza kwa nthawi yayitali pamabizinesi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopambana. Makinawa amachepetsa mabilu ogwiritsira ntchito pofuna mphamvu zochepa zopopera ndipo nthawi zambiri amachulukitsa zokolola zomwe zingagulitsidwe posamalira bwino zakudya.

Pamalo akulu akulu ndi athyathyathya aulimi, mapaipi onyamulika a aluminiyamu kapena zoyendera mizere nthawi zambiri zimawononga ndalama zochepa kuziyika poyambira. Komabe, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali zimakwera mwachangu. Mphamvu zazikulu zamagetsi kapena dizilo zomwe zimafunikira kukakamiza mizere, kuphatikizira ndi kutaya kwamadzi ndi mankhwala, kumapangitsa kuti ndalama zipitirire.

Kusamalira Udzu ndi Matenda

Agronomic udzu ndi zovuta za matenda zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chinyezi. Zotulutsa zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zimapondereza kukula kwa udzu chifukwa zimangopereka madzi ku mizu ya mbewuyo. Dothi lopanda kanthu pakati pa mizere yobzalidwa limakhalabe louma. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti mbewu zaudzu zomwe zili bata zimere ndi kubera zakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, kusunga masamba a mbewu kukhala abwino komanso owuma kumachepetsa kwambiri kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga powdery mildew ndi mildew.

Mapangidwe apamwamba, mwachilengedwe chawo, amadzaza gawo lonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumeneku mosadziwa kumalimbikitsa kuchulukana kwa udzu pakati pa mizere, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakweza mtengo wa mankhwala ophera udzu kapena kulima mowonjezera pamanja. Kutalika kwa masamba onyowa kumapangitsanso kuti pakhale chinyezi chambiri pomwe spores za mafangasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakula.

Kusamalira ndi Kukhalitsa

Taganizirani za tsiku lapakati pa chilimwe pomwe ndere zooneka ngati ndere kapena kashiamu carbonate kuchokera m'chitsime chapafupi zimachulukana pang'onopang'ono m'kachitsime kakang'ono. Popanda kukonza mosamalitsa, netiweki ya emitter yolunjika imatha kulephera mwakachetechete. Izi zimabweretsa kupsinjika kwa chilala nkhaniyo isanawonekere. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi ma acid ofatsa kapena chlorine ndikofunikira kwa ma micro-system.

Zopopera sizimatsekeka mosavuta chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa nozzle. Komabe, amadalira zida zosuntha zamakina zomwe zimavutika ndi kutha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kusamalira nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuyenda m'minda yamatope kuti m'malo mwa mitu yosweka, kukonza kutayikira kwa PVC kothamanga kwambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu olemetsa kwambiri.

Kuunikira Ubwino ndi Zoipa za Drip Systems

Kuti mukhale ndi malingaliro oyenera, m'pofunika kuyeza ubwino waumisiri ndi zolepheretsa zomwe zimachitika pamakina operekera ma micro-delivery.

Ubwino wa Drip Systems

Pochotsa madzi osefukira, alimi amatha kukolola bwino ngakhale pa nthawi ya chilala choopsa kapena pogawiridwa ndi ma municipalities. Mizere imafuna kutsika kwambiri kogwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri kumayenda pakati pa 10 mpaka 30 PSI. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wamafuta okhudzana ndi kuyendetsa mapampu amadzi olemera. Kuwonjezera apo, chifukwa chakuti njira za thirakitala zimakhala zouma, ogwira ntchito m'mafamu ndi makina olemera amatha kupitiriza kukolola, kudulira, kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa popanda kusokoneza kathirira.

Kuipa kwa Drip Systems

Chida chapadera cha zidacho chimafuna ndalama zambiri zoyambira. Pamwamba pa mtengowo, matepi opyapyala ndi osalimba. Amabowoka mosavuta ndi makina odutsa m'mafamu, ogwira ntchito m'munda osasamala, ndi nyama zakuthengo zaludzu zomwe zimatafuna mapulasitiki. Pomaliza, kudalira kotheratu pamadzi osayera kumafuna kuwongolera kokwera mtengo komanso kosalekeza kusefa. Chosefera cha 120-mesh screen nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofunikira kuti makinawo agwire ntchito.

Kuunikira Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Sprinkler Systems

Kukhazikitsa kwapamwamba kwakhala ngati msana waulimi wapadziko lonse lapansi kwazaka zambiri. Amapereka maubwino apadera omwe ma micro-tubing sangathe kubwereza.

Ubwino wa Sprinkler Systems

Mitengo yolimba imeneyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri kumera maekala mazanamazana a zomera zowirira kwambiri. M'malo ovuta kwambiri, amakhala ngati chida chofunikira kwambiri poteteza chisanu. Chifunga chopopedwacho chikaundana pachomeracho, chimatulutsa kutentha kwapang’onopang’ono, kutsekereza minyewa yofookayo kuti isatenthedwe kwambiri. Pamasiku otentha kwambiri, kuyendayenda kwapamtunda pang'ono kumatha kuziziritsa denga ndikutsuka fumbi lotulutsa masamba pamasamba, ndikuwonjezera photosynthesis nthawi yomweyo. Kuthetsa mavuto kumawonekeranso kwambiri. Mutu wozungulira wokhazikika umawonekera nthawi yomweyo kwa woyang'anira gawo lomwe akudutsa.

Kuipa kwa Sprinkler Systems

Chotsalira chachikulu ndicho kutayika kwakukulu kwa madzi. Kuthamanga kwa mphepo komanso kutuluka mwachangu kwa dzuwa kumatha kuuma mpaka 35 peresenti ya voliyumu yopopa. Kupanga PSI yokwera yofunikira poponya mitsinje mtunda wautali kumabweretsa ndalama zambiri zamagetsi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi kupitirira mphamvu ya dziko lapansi yoloŵerera, madzi osefukirawo amatsuka dothi lapamwamba lapamwamba ndi feteleza wokwera mtengo.

Kukwanira kwa Zomera ndi Kujambula Kwamagawo

Mfundo yaikulu ya mkangano wa agronomic uwu umatsikira ku biology ya zomera ndi maonekedwe a munda. Palibe chipolopolo chasiliva chapadziko lonse. Zomangamanga zabwino kwambiri zimatengera zomwe zimalimidwa m'nthaka.

Zokolola Zabwino Kwambiri Zotumizira Zomwe Mukufuna

Kubereka koyembekezeka kumapambana m'malo omwe zomera zimabzalidwa m'mizere yosiyana, mizere yotalikirana kapena pamene mtengo wa chipatso chimodzi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Tomato, tsabola wa belu, sitiroberi, ndi mavwende zimakula bwino pa tepi ya pamwamba, zimene zimachititsa kuti zipatso zake zosalimba zikhale zouma ndiponso kuti zisamawole. Minda yamphesa, minda ya amondi, ndi minda ya citrus imagwiritsa ntchito mizere yolemetsa yapansi panthaka kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu yozama komanso yolimba. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya greenhouse botanicals imadaliranso pafupifupi pa makina a micro-chubu fertigation kuti athe kuwongolera chitukuko.

Zokolola Zabwino Kwambiri Zogulitsa Pamwamba

Mphamvu zoponyera pamwamba ndiye ngwazi wosatsutsika paulimi wamba pomwe mbewu zimabowoledwa kwambiri. Kutalikirana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti machubu amunthu payekha asatheke kuyika. Tangoganizani mukuyenda m'munda wa chimanga wokhwima kapena m'mbali mwa nyemba. Ndi ma pivots apakati okha kapena makina osuntha omwe amatha kuyendetsa bwino malowa. Tirigu, balere, soya, ndi udzu wamalonda zonse zimafunikira kuphimba bulangeti lofanana kuti zitheke.

Dothi la Mchenga vs. Dongo la Dongo

Maonekedwe a Geological amatsimikizira kusuntha kwamadzimadzi. Sandy Earth imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndipo timakhetsa mwachangu kwambiri. Kuthirira kwapang'ono kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pano chifukwa kumatha kusinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi mphamvu zotsika kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale yonyowa nthawi zonse popanda kutulutsa michere kupitilira mizu. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, dongo limakhala ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono tosaoneka bwino ndipo limatenga madzi amadzimadzi pang'onopang'ono. Zopopera padothi ziyenera kusungidwa bwino nthawi. Ngati zithamanga kwambiri, pamwamba pake zimatsekeka, zomwe zimayambitsa kukokoloka kwakukulu. Zotulutsa zotulutsa pang'onopang'ono zimalambalala nkhaniyi polira madzimadzi pang'onopang'ono kuti mabowo adongo azitha kuyamwa popanda kugwedeza.

Malo Otsetsereka ndi Malo Osafanana

Topography imagwira ntchito ngati cholepheretsa chachikulu pamakina apamwamba. Kuyika ma sprayer m'mapiri otsetsereka nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kufalitsa molakwika. Maiwe achinyezi kwambiri pansi pa chigwacho pomwe nsonga zake zimakhala zowuma. Machubu amakono ang'onoang'ono amathetsa vuto lapamwambali kudzera muukadaulo wolipilira mphamvu. Ma emitter apaderawa amakhala ndi ma diaphragms amkati a silicone. Amawonetsetsa kuti madzi othamanga amaperekedwa pamwamba pa phiri ngati pansi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kukula kofanana m'malo ovuta.

Kuthetsa Mpata: Njira Zothirira Zophatikiza

Akamayendera kasamalidwe kaulimi kovutirapo, akatswiri azamalimi samangokhalira kusankhana okha. Pamachitidwe okhudzana ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena kusintha kwa moyo wa zomera, kuphatikiza njira zonse ziwiri kumapereka kusinthika komaliza.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Microsprinkler

Zipangizozi zikuyimira malo apakati ogwira mtima kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito movutikira kwambiri koma amapanga nkhungu yabwino pamalo okhazikika. Ukadaulowu ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri m'minda yazipatso. Ngakhale kuti mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umangonyowetsa kabwalo kakang'ono pansi pake, kachipangizo kakang'ono kamaponyera chinyezi kunja. Imakhudza mizu yonse yomwe ikukulirakulira ya apulosi wokhwima kapena mtengo wa amondi, kuwonetsetsa kuti mizu ikukulirakulira popanda kuwononga chuma panjira zopanda kanthu za thirakitala.

Ma Dongosolo Awiri Owongolera Zolinga Zambiri

M'magawo omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri, alimi ena amakhazikitsa maukonde apawiri osiyana. Mlimi akhoza kukwirira machubu apansi pa nthaka kuti azitha kuthira madzi tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kuthira feteleza wa mbeu ya sitiroberi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, amakhalabe olimba njira yothirira m'mwamba m'munda womwewo. Sprayers awa amakhalabe standby. Amayatsidwa kuti akhazikitse mbewu zokulirapo zosazama, kupondereza fumbi lolemera nthawi yowuma, kapena kupereka chitetezo chadzidzidzi panthawi yachisanu.

Kupanga Chisankho Chomaliza Pafamu Yanu

Kusankha maziko abwino ndikudzipereka kwakukulu pazachuma. Kuti mutsirize mapulani anu, yang'anani mwadongosolo zosintha zanu zapafamu pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lothandizira ili:

Choyamba, yang'anani mtundu wanu woyamba wa mbewu ndi katalikirana. Maonekedwe achilengedwe amatengera maziko anu. Zakudya zonenepa kwambiri zimafuna chisamaliro chambiri. Zamasamba zotalikirana zamtengo wapatali ndi zipatso za m'munda wa zipatso zimafuna kulondola kwa ma emitters omwe amapezeka m'deralo kuti azikolola bwino.

Chachiwiri, ganizirani za nyengo ya kwanuko. Ganizirani mawonekedwe amphepo am'madera ndi ma index a kutentha. Ngati mumagwira ntchito kumalo owuma ndi mphepo yamkuntho yokhala ndi malamulo okhwima a chilala, kutayika kwa mlengalenga chifukwa cha kuponya pamwamba kungakhale kowononga ndalama.

Chachitatu, yesani kuchuluka kwa madzi anu. Madzi osefukira kwambiri ochokera mumtsinje wamatope amakonda kugunda mitu, chifukwa mitsinje yake ikuluikulu imakana kudzaza. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito machubu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi magwero abwino kwambiri, muyenera kugawa gawo lalikulu la bajeti yanu kuti mugwiritse ntchito kwambiri malo osefera apamwamba.

Pomaliza, werengerani bajeti yanu yanthawi yayitali. Yang'anani kupyola muyeso woyamba wa kukhazikitsa. Werengani ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pazaka zisanu. Zomwe zili mu dizilo zomwe zimafunikira poyendetsa mapampu othamanga kwambiri, mtengo wamadzi wamadzi pawokha, komanso kupulumutsa kwamankhwala komwe kumachokera ku fertigation yomwe mukufuna.

Mapeto

Kukangana pakati pa matekinoloje awiri ofunikira aulimi sikutha ndi wopambana m'modzi yekha. Chisankho chopindulitsa kwambiri chimadalira pa zosowa za botanical zamunda wanu, mawonekedwe a nthaka yanu, ndi zenizeni za chilengedwe cha dera lanu.

Micro-irrigation imayima ngati mtsogoleri wosatsutsika pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwazinthu komanso kukula koyenera kwa mbewu zamtengo wapatali ndi minda ya zipatso. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso kumakhalabe mphamvu yodalirika yolima mbewu zambiri komanso kuchepetsa chisanu.

Kuti mukweze zida zanu zam'munda ndikuteteza maziko anu, ndikofunikira kupeza zida zodalirika, zamalonda. Onani mndandanda wonse wa akatswiri zida zothirira kuti mupeze zofanana ndendende ndi zosowa zanu zaulimi, kuwonetsetsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri ndi zinyalala zochepa.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Zotsika mtengo ndi ziti: kuthirira kodontha kapena kuthirira?

Yankho lazachuma limatengera kukula kwa ntchito yanu komanso nthawi yanu. Kwa minda yathyathyathya yotakata ngati chimanga cha maekala 100, pivot yapakati nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo kuyiyika paekala imodzi kuposa kuyala ma gridi a polyethylene tepi. Komabe, machitidwe am'deralo ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri kuti azigwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa amafunikira mphamvu yocheperako, amadya mphamvu zochepa zopopa. Kupereka kwawo molondola kumachepetsanso ndalama zolipirira madzi a tauni ndi mitengo yamankhwala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawapangitsa kukhala osamala kwambiri pazaka zisanu mpaka khumi.

Kodi kuthirira kwadontho kumapulumutsa madzi ambiri kuposa kuthirira kothirira?

Inde, kasamalidwe ka zinthu kameneka kamakhala kopambana kwambiri pankhani yosamalira zinthu. Mipangidwe yapamwamba yachikale imagwira ntchito bwino pa 65 mpaka 75 peresenti, ndikusiya ena onse chifukwa cha nthunzi yadzuwa, kutengeka kwa mphepo, ndi kusefukira kwamadzi. Mosiyana ndi izi, kuyika kapena kuyika zotulutsa zotulutsa mwachindunji pamalo opangira mbewu kumachita bwino kwambiri 85 mpaka 90 peresenti. Podutsa kusokoneza kwa mumlengalenga, makinawa amatha kupulumutsa alimi mpaka 30 mpaka 50 peresenti ya chinyezi chochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa wamba.

Kodi ndingasinthire makina okonkha kuti akhale othirira?

Kutembenuza khwekhwe lomwe lilipo kale kukhala makina ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yowongoka ya agronomic. Opanga ambiri amapereka zida zosinthira zodzipereka. Kuti musinthe, nthawi zambiri mumachotsa mitu yambiri yokwera yomwe ilipo. Pazokwera zogwira ntchito, mumayika chowongolera kuti mugwetse PSI yapamwamba mpaka pamalo otetezeka. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi zosefera zapadera kuti ziteteze zinyalala kuti zisatseke zotulutsa zatsopano. Kuchokera pamenepo, mumangolumikiza tubing yanu ndikuyiyendetsa pamabedi anu.

Ndi njira yothirira iti yomwe ili yabwino kuteteza chisanu?

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa m'mwamba ndikwabwino kwambiri poteteza chisanu ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi oyang'anira minda ya mpesa ndi minda yazipatso pakachitika ngoziyi. Kutentha kumatsika pansi pa kuzizira, alimi amayatsa mapampu awo kuti azipopera denga mosalekeza. Madziwo akasandulika kukhala ayezi pamasamba ndi masamba, amasintha kagawo kakang’ono kamene kamatulutsa kutentha pang’ono kobisika. Kutentha kosalekeza kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti minyewa yam'kati ikhale yozungulira pafupifupi madigiri 32 Fahrenheit, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ma cell. Tepi yokwiriridwa kapena yotchinga pamwamba siingathe kupereka kutsekereza kwa mumlengalenga uku.

Kodi madrip vs sprinkler amakhala ndi moyo wautali bwanji?

Kukhalitsa kwa zomangamanga zanu kumadalira kwambiri zakuthupi ndi kachitidwe kosamalira. Matepi okhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamasamba zanyengo nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa zaka 2 mpaka 5 asanagonjetsedwe ndi zotchinga kapena kuwonongeka kwa makoswe. Mizere yolemera yokhala ndi mipanda ya polyethylene yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yazipatso yosatha imatha zaka 10 mpaka 15 ngati itatenthedwa bwino ndi asidi wofatsa. Makina apamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala amphamvu kwambiri. Ma mains apansi panthaka a PVC, mapaipi a aluminiyamu, ndi malata achitsulo amatha kugwira ntchito mosavuta kwa zaka 15 mpaka 20 kapena kuposerapo, malinga ngati mawotchi oyenda amathandizidwa pafupipafupi.

Kodi makina opopera mankhwala amafunikira mphamvu yochuluka bwanji?

Machitidwe apamwamba amalonda amafuna kwambiri kuthamanga kwa hydraulic poyerekeza ndi ulimi wothirira. Kutengera kukula kwa nozzles ndi mtunda wofunika kuponyedwa, zopopera mbewu zaulimi ndi mitu yamphamvu zimafunikira pakati pa 40 mpaka 80 PSI (pafupifupi 2.5 mpaka 5.5 bar) kuti zigwire ntchito bwino. Ma pivots akuluakulu apakati kapena mfuti zazikulu zoyendayenda zingafunike kupanikizika kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira pampu zolemetsa zolemetsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuti zisungidwe bwino.

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yothirira ndi iti m'malo aulimi osafanana?

Kwa malo otsetsereka ndi mapiri otsetsereka, kuthirira kopanda mphamvu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Opopera mankhwala opopera pamwamba amalimbana ndi nthaka yosagwirizana, zomwe zimachititsa kuti pansi pa mapiri ndi madontho owuma pamapiri. Zotulutsa zotulutsa mpweya zimakhala ndi ma diaphragms amkati omwe amayang'anira kuyenda, kuwonetsetsa kuti chomera chomwe chili pamwamba pa phirilo chimalandira madzi ofanana ndendende ndi mbewu zomwe zili m'chigwachi.