Ukuthenga izixhobo zokusebenza kunqabile ukuba kube yintengiselwano esisiseko yasefama. Isebenza njengesigqibo sesixhobo esibalulekileyo kulo lonke ishishini lakho lezolimo. Ukwenza imali eninzi kakhulu koomatshini abakhulu ngokukhawuleza kuphazamisa ukuhamba kwakho kwemali kwexesha elifutshane. Kwelinye icala, ukwenza ubungakanani obuphantsi besixhobo sakho okanye ukuthenga itekhnoloji ephelelwe lixesha kukhokelela kwinkcitho enkulu yeekhemikhali, umonakalo omkhulu wezityalo, kunye namatyala amakhulu okuthobela. Udinga isakhelo sovavanyo esisekwe kubungqina ukuze wenze isigqibo esinolwazi.
Esi sikhokelo sijolise ekuboneleleni kanye loo nto. Siza kukunceda ukhethe okufanelekileyo isitshizi sezolimo esisekwe kwisikali sakho sokusebenza kunye noyilo olulodwa lwezityalo. Uya kufumanisa indlela yokutshatisa iintlobo zempompo kwiiprofayili ezithile zeekhemikhali. Okokugqibela, uya kufunda ukuba itekhnoloji echanekileyo kunye neeprothokholi zokulinganisa ezingqongqo zinokuguqula njani ukusebenza kwakho kakuhle kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka kwesicelo.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
I-Scale Dictates Format: Ukhetho phakathi kweeyunithi ezinyusiweyo, ezilandelwayo, kunye neziziqhubelayo zixhomekeke kwimilinganiselo engqongqo ye-acreage kunye neemfuno zeyure.
Ukuhambelana kwePump Chemistry: Ukukhetha phakathi kweepompo ze-centrifugal kunye ne-diaphragm kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwi-abrasiveness kunye ne-viscosity yeekhemikhali ozisebenzisayo.
Ukuchaneka kukuxhasa ukuSebenza: UkuModelwa koBububanzi bePulse (PWM) kunye nobuchwepheshe obujoliswe kuko bokutshiza bunokunciphisa kakhulu inkunkuma yomchiza kunye nokuphucula ulawulo lokusetyenziswa.
Ukuchaneka kwesicelo kunokulinganiswa: Ukukhethwa kweNozzle (imigangatho ye-ISO) kunye nokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwi-calibration (umgaqo we-10% wokunxiba) awuxoxisana ngokuthotyelwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukunxulumanisa Iindidi zesitshizi sezoLimo kunye noBubungakanani beFama kunye noYilo lweziTyalo
Ngaphambi kokuvavanya amacandelo athile, kufuneka uchaze iindlela zakho zokuphumelela ezigqwesileyo. Isiphumo esisebenzayo Isitshizi sasefama kufuneka sifikelele kwindawo efanelekileyo kwiifestile zemozulu ezimxinwa ngokumangalisayo. Kufuneka ikwenze oku ngaphandle kokwenza ukugangatheka komhlaba okuyingozi okanye ukonakala kwezityalo ngoomatshini. Isikali kunye nohlobo lwesityalo luyalela ifomathi yesixhobo sakho esisisiseko.
Imilinganiselo yoVavanyo ngokweFama
Iacreage kunye neemfuno zeyure zokugqiba zisebenza njengezona ndlela ziphambili zokucoca. Ukuthenga inkunkuma eninzi koomatshini kunye nenkunzi. Ukuthenga umatshini omncinci kakhulu uqinisekisa izicelo eziphosiweyo windows.
I-Three-Point Hitch / Mounted Sprayers: Ezi yunithi zifaneleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi encinci yokulawula ngaphantsi kweehektare ezili-100. Kufuneka uzivavanye ngokusekwe kubuchule bokuhamba kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukuhlanganisa ngokungenamthungo kwiitrektara zosetyenziso ezikhoyo. Zikhazimla kwiintloko eziqinileyo kunye neepasile ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
I-Tow-Behind / Trailed Sprayers: Oku kuhlala kungumgangatho weshishini wemisebenzi yesityalo esiphakathi ukuya kumqolo omkhulu. Uphononongo lwakho apha lufuna isenzo esilumkileyo sokulungelelanisa. Ufuna umthamo wetanki ephezulu ukunciphisa ixesha lokuzalisa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uthelekise ngobunono obu bunzima ngokuchasene namandla akho etrektara akhoyo kunye nemida yokudada komhlaba.
Izitshizi eziziTyalayo: Abavelisi bakhela ezi zinto ngokukodwa ukwenzela imisebenzi yesikali sorhwebo esidlula iihektare ezingama-500. Iingenelo apha zicacile. Ufumana imvume enkulu engaphantsi kwesisu xa ufaka izicelo zasemva kwexesha. Ufikelela kububanzi obuphezulu bebhoom kaninzi obudlula i-40 yeemitha. Okubaluleke kakhulu, banikezela ngesantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwintsimi ukuze boyise i-acreage enkulu ngaphambi kokuba umoya uphakame.
iFomathi yesiPrayi ngeTshati yeAcreage
Ulungiselelo lwesitshizi |
Ubungakanani beFama obufanelekileyo |
Inzuzo yokuqala |
Umba wokukhawulela |
Inyusiwe (Amanqaku ama-3) |
< 100 yeehektare |
Ukusebenza okuphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi |
Umthamo wetanki encinci (ukuzaliswa rhoqo) |
ITrayile (Tow-Ngasemva) |
100 - 500 yeeHektare |
Ubungakanani obugqwesileyo bomthamo-kwixabiso |
Ifuna itrektara ezinikeleyo ephezulu yeHP |
Ukuziqhubela |
> 500 yeeHektare |
Ubuninzi bokuphumelela kunye nokukhutshwa |
Utyalo-mali oluphambili oluphezulu |
Imilinganiselo yoVavanyo ngokohlobo lwesiTyalo
Uyilo lwezityalo luphembelela kakhulu indlela ulwelo oluhamba ngayo ukusuka kwitanki ukuya kwithagethi yebhayoloji. Intsimi ethe tyaba yeembotyi zesoya ifuna amandla olwelo olwahlukileyo kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa negadi yeapile esele ikhulile.
I-Boom Sprayers (Izityalo eziRow): Ezi zijolise ekuhambiseni ukhuselo olusicaba, olufana kakhulu. Uzinzo lobude beBoom yeyona metric ebalulekileyo. Ukuba i-boom iyaguquguquka okanye idiphu, izinga lesicelo sakho liya kwahluka ngokungaqhelekanga ngaphaya kwe-swath.
Orchard / Air-Blast Sprayers (Imithi & Nezidiliya): Isicelo Flat asiphumeleli kwindawo ezintathu-dimensional. Kufuneka uvavanye ukuhamba komoya okuncediswa ngabalandeli. Umatshini ufuna isantya somoya esaneleyo ukwahlula amagqabi angaphandle kwaye utyhale inkungu enzulu kwi-canopies exineneyo, esele ikhulile.
Iidrone (ii-UAVs): Zithathele ingqalelo ii-UAVs njengesisombululo sale mihla kwindawo engumnqantsa, enodaka, okanye engafikelelekiyo. Xa oomatshini bomhlaba onzima bebeka emngciphekweni wokufa kwe-rollover okanye umhlaba onzulu, iidrones zihambisa imithwalo ehlawulwayo ngokukhuselekileyo ukusuka phezulu.
Ukuphonononga aMacandelo eSitshizi esiPhambili: Iimpompo, ukuphazamiseka, kunye noxinzelelo
Ipompo isebenza njengentliziyo ebethayo yenkqubo yakho yonke. Abaqhubi abaninzi bathenga ngempazamo impompo esekwe kuphela kwisantya sokuhamba. Ngokwenyani, kuya kufuneka utshatise ubuchwephesha bempompo kunye nokunqunyanyiswa kweekhemikhali ezithile oceba ukukusebenzisa.
Iindidi zesisombululo (I-Fluid Dynamics)
Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kwamanzi angaphakathi kuthintela ukusilela kwezixhobo zangaphambi kwexesha. Uyilo lwempompo olwahlukeneyo lubamba ii-viscosities zolwelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zoxinzelelo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
Iimpompo ze-Centrifugal: Ezi zigqwesileyo ekunikezeni umthamo ophezulu kuxinzelelo oluphantsi. Zihlala zilolona khetho luphezulu lokuhambisa izichumisi zolwelo ezininzi kunye nokuphatha imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula enkulu, engagqwalisiyo. Ngenxa yokuba zingenazo iinxalenye zangaphakathi zokuhlikihla, zibamba umthamo ophezulu ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuthotywa ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpompo ze-Diaphragm: Ezi ziimpompo ezilungileyo zokufuduka. Zomelele kakhulu kwaye zimele ukhetho olufunekayo lokuphatha rhabaxa, ukunqunyanyiswa kwekhemikhali, okanye ukugqwala kakhulu. Ukuba utshiza umgubo omanzi, impompo ye-diaphragm iyakuphila apho iyunithi ye-centrifugal inokuphela ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpompo zeRoller: Ezi yunithi zikhaphukhaphu, ziyafikeleleka, kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuzigcina. Ziyilungele ngokugqibeleleyo imisebenzi yenqanaba lokungena okanye iimfuno zokutshiza ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi kumda wefama.
IiNyathelo zoPhumezo: Inkqubo yokuNxulutywa
Ungathenga eyona mpompo ilungileyo kwimarike, kodwa iya kukusilela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okufanelekileyo. Uninzi lwemichiza yezolimo yale mihla inqunyanyisiwe, ayizisombululo eziyinyani. Ukuba ulwelo luhlala luthe cwaka, izithako ezisebenzayo ezinzima zikhawuleza zizinze emazantsi etanki.
Vavanya inkqubo yesiphithiphithi ngokusondeleyo. Ukuphazamiseka kweHydraulic kusebenzisa uxinzelelo lolwelo ukushukumisa umxube, ngelixa ukushukuma koomatshini kusebenzisa iipaddles zomzimba. Ukuba itanki yakho ayikwazi ukugcina ukunqunyanyiswa kweekhemikhali ezifanayo ngokupheleleyo kuyo yonke ifestile yesicelo, amazinga akho okutshiza aya kuba gwenxa. Uya kufaka isicelo ngaphantsi ekuqaleni kwentsimi kwaye utshise izityalo zakho ekupheleni.
INzululwazi yeSicelo: UkuKhethwa koMbhobho, uLawulo lweDroplet, kunye neDrift
Iingcali jikelele ziyavumelana kwinto enye ebalulekileyo. Umbhobho wokutshiza usebenza njengeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yokusilela okanye impumelelo kuyo nayiphi na isitshizi sezityalo . Ichaza isantya sokuhamba, ichaza ipateni yokutshiza, kwaye ilawula ubungakanani bethontsi.
Droplet Ubungakanani Strategy
Ukusebenza kwesicelo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekukhetheni ubungakanani obuchanekileyo be-droplet kwimowudi ethile yekhemikhali.
Amathontsi amahle (200-400μm): Ezi zezona zilungele imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula. Zibonelela ngowona mmandla mkhulu womhlaba kukhukula ekujoliswe kulo. Nangona kunjalo, inkungu entle inomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokukhukuliseka, ngakumbi xa kukho ukufuma okuphantsi okanye umoya ophakathi.
Amathontsi arhabaxa: Awona alungele imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula efunxa kwithishu yesityalo. Ziyakwazi ukumelana ne-drift. Bawa ngokukhawuleza kwaye babethe ithagethi ngokuchanekileyo, nakwiimeko zokusingqongileyo ezinomngeni.
Iikhrayitheriya zoMgangatho kunye noHlengahlengiso
Ukuvavanya imilomo ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka usebenzise indlela esemgangathweni. Ishishini lixhomekeke kumgangatho we-ISO 10625 wokufakwa kwekhowudi yombala. Le nkqubo iqaqambileyo iseka umthengisi-agnostic ubukhulu. Umbhobho ozuba osuka kwenye ibhrendi uhambisa umthamo ofanayo wokuqukuqela osemgangathweni njengonozzle ozuba kolunye uphawu.
Ukwandisa ukuseta kwakho, kufuneka uqonde undoqo wobudlelwane bemathematika obulawula amazinga okuqukuqela. Sebenzisa le ndlela icwangcisiweyo ukumisela iimfuno zakho kanye:
Chonga i-GPA ekujoliswe kuyo: Misela iiGaloni nge-acre efunwa yileyibhile yeekhemikhali.
Cwangcisa isantya sakho: Misela isantya esinokwenyani, esikhuselekileyo sentsimi kwiiMiles ngeyure (MPH).
Umlinganiselo weSithuba: Qaphela umgama phakathi kwemilomo kwi-boom yakho ngee-intshi.
Bala iGPM: IiGaloni ngomzuzu (GPM) ixhomekeke ngokuchanekileyo kwithagethi yeGPA, isantya (MPH), kunye nesithuba sombhobho. Sebenzisa iifomyula zezolimo ezisemgangathweni ukufumana eyona GPM efunekayo ngomlomo ngamnye.
Umyinge we-10% woLondolozo
Ulungelelwaniso alukhethi. Misela '10% umthetho' ogunyazisiweyo kwishedi yakho yolondolozo. Kufuneka ubambe umthamo wemveliso kwijagi ekhethekileyo ngomzuzu omnye. Ukuba imveliso yomlomo itenxa ngaphezulu kwe-10% kwisiseko sayo sokuqala sasefektri, kufuneka uyibuyisele endaweni yayo. Musa ukuzama ukucoca iintsimbi zeplastiki ezigugileyo ngeebrashi zocingo. Umbhobho ogugileyo uhlala ugalela iikhemikhali kwaye unciphisa ukuchaneka kwesicelo ngomzuzu ngamnye obalekayo.
Ukuchaneka kwe-Ag 2.0: Ukutshiza okujolisiweyo kunye neeNkqubo zokuSebenza
Ii-elektroniki ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu ngoku zijika itanki yolwelo esebenza ngoomatshini ibe yi-asethi ekrelekrele kakhulu. Uphuculo alusafani nje neefama ezinkulu ezihlangeneyo. Itekhnoloji yescalable smart iyitshintsha kakhulu indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amagalelo namhlanje.
Iimpawu eziphambili-kwiziphumo
Vavanya uhlaziyo oluchanekileyo olusekwe ngokungqongqo kubuchule babo bokuphucula iziphumo ezinokulinganiseka zokusebenza okanye zezolimo.
I-Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): Iinkqubo zemveli zilungelelanisa uxinzelelo lokutshintsha amazinga okuhamba, okutshabalalisa ukuhambelana kwamaconsi. I-PWM isombulula oku ngokupheleleyo. I-PWM ibetha i-solenoid yomlomo ivule kwaye iyivale ngokukhawuleza. Igcina ubungakanani obungaguqukiyo bethontsi kunye neepateni zokutshiza ezizezona zilungileyo kuzo zonke izantya zetrektara ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokutshintsha isiseko soxinzelelo lwenkqubo.
Ukutshiza okujolisiweyo (Ikhamera / ukuHlanganiswa kweSensor): Itekhnoloji yokuqaphela ukhula inikezela ngezibonelelo ezinkulu zesicelo. Iikhamera ezifakwe kwiBoom zichonga ukhula oluluhlaza ngokuchasene nomhlaba omdaka, okanye imilo yokhula eyahlukileyo ngokuchasene nezityalo eziluhlaza. Inkqubo ivula imilomo yomntu kuphela xa idlula ngokuthe ngqo kwithagethi. Oku kunokunciphisa ngokwenyani ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngelixa kuphuculwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesicelo sonyaka.
I-GPS kunye ne-Auto-Steering: Impazamo yomntu ibangela inkunkuma ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali. Ukudityaniswa kweGPS kuphelisa iizowuni ezidityanisiweyo. Ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo kuthintela abaqhubi ukuba batsibe imiqolo etshizwe ngaphambili okanye baphindeke kabini ekujikeni komhlaba.
Ulungelelwaniso kunye neeNyaniso zokuThobela
Ukuthenga umatshini osekelwe kuphela kwixabiso lawo lesitikha kuyimpazamo eyingozi. Kufuneka uhlalutye umfanekiso opheleleyo wokusebenza phambi kokuba usayine nasiphi na isivumelwano sokuthenga.
Abaqhubi abaSebenzayo
Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele iindleko zezixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali okuqhubekayo, iimfuno zokulondolozwa, umngcipheko wexesha lokuphumla, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwentsimi. Ixesha eligcinwe ngexesha leefestile zokutshiza ezimxinwa, ukukhawulelana okuncitshisiweyo, kunye nosetyenziso oluchaneke ngakumbi konke kuchaphazela indlela umatshini oya kufaneleka ngayo kwiimeko zokwenyani zasefama.
I-boom enkulu inokugqiba intsimi ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa itekhnoloji echanekileyo ephezulu inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukujonga ezi zinto zisebenzayo zinceda abathengi bathelekise oomatshini ngokwenyani.
Ukhuseleko & Ukuthotyelwa
Imithetho yokusingqongileyo iya iqina kwihlabathi jikelele. Umzekelo, imiyalelo efana ne-EU 2009/128/EC iyalela ukuba kuhlolwe izixhobo ezingqongqo. Imithetho ye-EPA yengingqi ithwala izohlwayo zemali enzima kwizicelo ezingajoliswanga. Qaphela ukuba izitshizi zale mihla kufuneka zigqithise uphicotho olungqongqo oluchanekileyo. Ukugcina i-±5% yokuchaneka kwedosi iba ngumgangatho osemthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi zolawulo. Ukuthenga oomatshini abaphelelwe lixesha ngokuqinisekileyo kuqinisekisa ukusilela kokuthotyelwa.
Uluhlu lokuThenga kwangaphambili
Soloko uphicotha izixhobo zakho esele zikhona phambi kokuba uzibophelele kwiyunithi enkulu. Ziphephe iindleko zokuhlaziya ezifihlakeleyo ngokujonga la manqaku abalulekileyo:
Qinisekisa ukuba itrektara yakho inomqukuqelo owaneleyo wehydraulic ukuze iqhube ivacuum okanye iinkqubo zePWM.
Qinisekisa ukuba amandla ehashe e-PTO anokuphatha iiyunithi ezilayishwe ngokupheleleyo ezikhutshelweyo kuthambeka olunyukayo.
Qinisekisa ukuba iingcango zakho zangoku zeshedi kunye neendawo zokugcina ziyakwazi ukuhlalisa ngokwasemzimbeni iibhooms ezibanzi, ezisongekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukukhetha izixhobo ezichanekileyo zokufaka isicelo kufuna uqeqesho olungqongqo. Musa ukuthenga iyunithi esekelwe kuphela umthamo wetanki. Misela isigqibo sakho sokugqibela kwindibaniselwano eyodwa yefama yakho yeacreage iyonke, iimfuno zeprofayili yekhemikhali ethile, kunye nomngcipheko wokukhukuliseka owamkelekileyo.
Isikali siyalela ukuba uthenge oomatshini abanyusiweyo, abarholisiweyo, okanye abaziqhubayo. Iintlobo zolwelo lwakho ziyalela ukuba ufuna iimpompo ze-centrifugal okanye ze-diaphragm. Ngaphaya koko, ukwamkela itekhnoloji echanekileyo efana ne-PWM kunye nokutshiza okujoliswe kuyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngokungeyomfuneko ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Njengenyathelo elilandelayo, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba kwenziwe uphicotho lokuphuma kwefestile yesitshizi. Bala iihektare zakho ezifunekayo ngeyure ngokweepateni zemozulu yendawo yakho. Yenza oku ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomthengisi wezixhobo okanye ucele idemo yendawo. Uxhotyiswe ngeemfuno zakho zokwenyani, ungathethathethana ngokuzithemba kwaye ukhusele owona matshini ufunwa yifama yakho.
FAQ
Q: Ngowuphi umahluko osisiseko phakathi kwesitshizi esincediswa ngumoya kunye nesitshizi se-boom?
IMPENDULO: Isitshizi se-boom sisebenzisa imivalo emileyo ethe tye ukufaka umtya othe tyaba, olinganayo wemichiza phezu kwezityalo ezikumqolo. Isitshizi esincediswa ngumoya sisebenzisa isitshizi esinamandla esingasemva ukuvelisa umoya onesantya esiphezulu. Lo moya ususa amagqabi uze uqhubele amathontsi ekhemikhali nzulu kwicanopi eshinyeneyo enemigangatho emithathu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube yimfuneko kumasimi eziqhamo nakwizidiliya.
Umbuzo: Ndazi njani ukuba isitshizi sam sasefama sifuna idiaphragm okanye impompo ye-centrifugal?
A: Kufuneka uvavanye ukunyanzeliswa kweekhemikhali kunye neemfuno zoxinzelelo. Ukuba utshiza umgubo omanzi orhabaxa, okanye ukumiswa okunomhlwa okukhulu, udinga impompo ehlala ixesha elide ene-positivement diaphragm. Ukuba usebenzisa ikakhulu izichumisi zolwelo ezininzi okanye imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engaqholiyo kwimithamo ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi, impompo ye-centrifugal iphezulu.
Umbuzo: Kunini ukutshintshwa kwemilomo kuneendleko ezingaphezulu kunokuhlaziya umatshini uphela?
A: Kufuneka usebenzise umgaqo ongqongqo we-10% wokutenxa. Ukuba imveliso yomlomo igqithise umlinganiselo wayo wokuqala wokuqukuqela osisiseko ngaphezulu kwe-10%, uhlengahlengiso alunakulungisa ipateni yokutshiza egqwethekileyo okanye isayizi yethontsi eyandisiweyo. Ukubuyisela umbhobho ogugileyo ngoko nangoko kuluncedo kunokuqhubeka utshiza ngemveliso engachanekanga.
Umbuzo: Ingaba iinkqubo ezichongiweyo zokutshiza zilufanele utyalo-mali lwangaphambili lwefama ephakathi?
A: Ewe. Nangona ixabiso lesixhobo sangaphambili liphezulu, ubuchwephesha obujoliswe kubo bokubona ukhula bunokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yokhula ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye kuphucule ukuchaneka kokutshiza. Kwifama esembindini ejongene neendleko zokunyuka kwamagalelo, oku kunokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla isebenze kakuhle kumaxesha amaninzi onyaka.
